基本説明
Reprint: Vol. 99, No. 1-4 (2002).
Full Description
During the last two decades of the 20th century, the study of chromosomes was enormously stimulated by the availability of various biological resources, valuable databases and new genetic and molecular biological techniques including PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization. The simultaneous development of new and effective systems for targeting genes and gene transfer led to astonishing advances also in the study of vertebrate sex chromosomes. We now have considerable insight into their evolution, the dosage compensation mechanisms in mammals that involve chromosome-wide chromatin remodeling triggered by noncoding Xist RNA, and the unique properties of the human X chromosome which comprises many genes important for sex determination and reproduction. This thematic issue of Cytogenetic and Genome Research presents an excellent and highly authoritative compilation of current research findings related to vertebrate sex chromosomes. The contributions - all prepared by experts in the field - reflect both the technical advances and the enormous gain in knowledge achieved in recent years. Many of these papers also provide important historical perspectives while some contain insightful personal views of the authors. This special volume therefore represents a stimulating and critical state-of-the-art source of information for investigators and students in this fascinating field.
Contents
X Chromosome Inactivation: X chromosome inactivation - theme and variations, Migeon, B.R.; X chromosome inactivation, differentiation, and DNA methylation revisited, with a tribute to Susumu Ohno, Riggs, A.D.; ICF syndrome cells as a model system for studying X chromosome inactivation: Gartler, S.M., Hansen, R.S.; X chromosome inactivation - how human are mice?, Vasques, L.R., Kl ckner, M.N., Pereira, L.V.; escape from X inactivation, Disteche, C.M., Filippova, G.N., Tsuchiya, K.D. Evolution of Sex Chromosomes: The evolution of sex chromosomes, Ayling, L.-J., Griffin, D.K.; The Azoospermia region AZFa - An evolutionary view - Wimmer, R., Kirsch, S., Weber, A., Rappold, G.A., Schempp, W.; Early origins of the X and Y chromosomes - Lessons from tilapia, Griffin, D.K., Harvey, S.C., Campos-Ramos, R., Ayling, L.-J., Bromage, N.R., Masabanda, J.S., Penman, D.J.; Chromosome evolution in fish - sex chromosome variability in Eigenmannia virescens (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae), de Almeida-Toledo, L.F., Daniel-Silva, M.F.Z., Moys s, C.B., Fonteles, S.B.A., Lopes, C.E., Akama, A., Foresti, F. Development and Sex Determination Mammalian embryonic development insights from studies on the X chromosome, Monk, M. The X chromosome and ovarian function, Vialard, F., Cocquet, J., Christin-Maitre, S., Veitia, R., Fellous, M.; the role of Zic3 in vertebrate development, Herman, G.E.; El-Hodiri, H.M. X-Linked Diseases: The X chromosome and fragile X mental retardation, Oostra, B.A., Willemsen, R.; The proportion of cells with functional X disomy is associated with the severity of mental retardation in mosaic ring X Turner syndrome females, Kubota, T., Wakui, K., Nakamura, T., Ohashi, H., Watanabe, Y., Yoshino, M., Kida, T., Okamoto, N., Matsumura, M., Muroya, K., Ogata, T., Goto, Y., Fukushima, Y. Sex Chromosome Organization: X-chromosomal localization of mammalian Y-linked genes in two X0 species of the Ryukyu spiny rat: Arakawa, Y., Nishida-Umehara, C., Matsuda, Y., Sutou, S., Suzuki, H.; Biallelic expression of Z-linked genes in male chickens, Kuroiwa, A., Yokomine, T., Sasaki, H., Tsudzuki, M., Tanaka, K., Namikawa, T., Matsuda, Y. (Part contents).
