Full Description
Understanding cataract risk factors is a vital topic in preventative medicine and offers hope to the multitude of people in the world who cannot be aided by an intraocular lens implantation. In the multifaceted process of cataract development ultraviolet radiation is one of the important risk factors. This publication focuses on clinical studies, epidemiologic data as well as experimental approaches to ultraviolet radiation and its effects on the lens. Further articles discuss the cataract epidemiology and the biochemistry of the lens. In addition lens research in the 20th century is evaluated with regard to methods and results. The book is dedicated to Professor K. Sasaki from the University of Ishikawa (Japan) and his research over the last twenty years. Ophthalmologists in practice as well as those involved in lens and cataract research or interested in the mechanisms and the pathogenesis of lens opacification in old age will find a wealth of information in this volume. Likewise, it will be essential to physicians working in public health services, environmental medicine, and those concerned with eye damage caused by radiation.
Contents
Professor Kazuyuki Sasaki, MD - clinician, scientist, leader in cataract research, and friend, O. Hockwin; paper 1 - lens and cataract research of the 20th century, a review of results, errors and misunderstandings O. Hockwin, M. Kojima, U. M ller-Breitenkamp, A. Wegener; risk factors for nuclear lens opacification - the Reykjavik eye study, A. Arnarsson, F. Jonasson, H. Sasaki, M. Ono, V. Jonsson, M. Kojima, N. Katoh, K. Sasaki; a review of the epidemiologic evidence linking ultraviolet radiation and cataracts, C.A. McCarty, H.R. Taylor; studies on ultraviolet radiation and health effects - ocular exposure to ultraviolet radiation, M. Ono; geometrical gradients in the distribution of temperature and absorbed ultraviolet radiation in ocular tissues, D.H. Sliney; high prevalence of nuclear cataract in the population of tropical and subtropical areas, H. Sasaki, F. Jonasson, Y.B. Shui, M. Kojima, M. Ono, N. Katoh, H.-M. Cheng, N. Takahashi, K. Sasaki; toxicity of ultraviolet radiation exposure to the lens expressed by maximum tolerable dose, P.G. S derberg, S. L fgren, M. Ayala, X. Dong, M. Kakar, V. Mody; assessment of ocular exposure to visible light for population studies, D.D. Duncan, B. Mu oz, S.K. West; the effects of protective eyewear on glare and crystalline lens transparency, Y. Sakamoto, K. Sasaki, M. Kojima, H. Sasaki, A. Sakamoto, M. Sakai, A. Tatami; evaluation of blue-light hazards from various light sources, T. Okuno, H. Saito, J. Ojima; experimental evidence for interactive effects of chronic UV irradiation and nutritional deficiencies in the lens A. Wegener, M. Heinitz, M. Dwinger; environmental temperature and cataract progression in experimental rat cataract models, M. Kojima, T. Okuno, M. Miyakoshi, K. Sasaki, N. Takahashi; morphological differences between lens fibres in albino and pigmented rats, Y. Yamada, B. Willekens, G.F.J.M. Vrensen, A. Wegener; heterogeneity of ascorbate free radical reductase in the human lens, M. Bando, H. Obazawa, M. Takehana; the effect of modification of crystallin by prednisolone-21-hemisuccinate and fructose 6-phosphate on chaperone activity, D.W.A. Hook, J.J. Harding; steroid-induced cataract - other than in the whole animal system, in the lens culture system, androgens, estrogens and progestins as well as glucocorticoids produce a loss of transparency of the lens, H. Kosano, H. Nishigori; water diffusion in the rabbit lens in vivo, H.M. Cheng.
