Full Description
Over the past several years, there has been an extraordinarily rapid growth in our knowledge of oxidative stress and its possible involvement in both normal essential biology and digestive diseases. Oxidative stress is defined as a disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, and has been suggested as a causative factor in inflammation, ischemia and carcinogenesis in the digestive organs. In the 1980s, biochemists and biologists were attracted by the role of reactive oxygen species in the irreversible damage or modification of the structure of biological molecules. However, in the 1990s, reactive oxygen species have been recognized to be involved in reversible structural alterations of molecules: The homeostatic modulation of oxidant levels is a highly efficient mechanism that allows all cells to tightly control their redox status within a very narrow range. Especially the activity of the Rel/NF-kB family of transcriptional factors that regulate responses in inflammation, reperfusion injury and apoptosis is controlled by intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Our understanding of how these transcriptional factors are negatively or positively regulated by oxidative stress has since greatly increased. Questions for future investigation center on the modulation of oxidative stress by personal genome information for the prevention of several pathologic states.
Contents
Response to Oxidative Stress: Cellular and Molecular Responses to Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Redox Imbalance in the Intestine, T.W. Aw. Neutrophil Activation: Reactive Oxygen and Neutrophil-Induced Liver Injury, H, Jaeschke; Neutrophil-Dependent Oxidative Stress in Gastrointestinal Inflammation, Y. Naito, T. Yoshikawa; Role of Neutrophils in Development, Healing, and Recurrence of Gastric Ulcer in Rats, T. Watanabe, et al. Oxidative Stress in Gastric Mucosa: Gastric Mucosal Oxidative Injury: Stress and Helicobacter pylori, H. Suzuki; Gastric Histopathology versus Vitamin C Concentrations of Whole Blood, Plasma, and Gastric Juice in Young Healthy Adults, H.S. Youn, et al; Gastric Mucosal Localization and Alternation of Decay-Accelerating Factor Expression in Guinea Pig after Ischemia, T. Joh, et al. Oxidative Stress in Intestinal Mucosa: Effect of Ischemia-Reperfusion on Apoptosis of Small Intestinal Mucosa in the Rat, M. Kojima, et al; High Oxidizability of Large Intestinal Mucosa in Iron Ion-Induced Lipid Peroxidation, S. Miyamoto, et al. Oxidative Stress in the Hepatobiliary System: Mechanisms for Carbon Monoxide-Mediated Protection against Hepatobiliary Dysfunction, M. Suematsu, et al; Effect of Monoclonal Antibodies to Adhesion Molecules, Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors, Methylprednisolone and Lazaroid on Endotoxin-Induced Liver Cell Injury, S. Marubayashi, et al. Nitric Oxide: Nitric Oxide in the Gastric Lumen, A. Shiotani, et al; Role of Nitric Oxide in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion, M. Shimazu, et al. Chemoprevention by Antioxidants Iron Chelation by Deferoxamine Prevents Hepatocarcinogenesis, I. Sakaida, Okita, K; Inhibition of the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Phenyl N-Tert-Butyl Nitrone in Rats Fed a Choline-Deficient, L-Amino-Acid-Defined Diet, H, Kishida, et al.
