基本説明
Topics include: The changing character of wars and their effects on civilians, the demographic consequences of wars, the medical and health aspects of weapons, the changing roles of health professionals in war, etc.
Full Description
This major new reader has been put together by Physicians for Social Responsibility in Finland, a member of IPPNW, the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, the recipient of the Nobel Prize in 1985. Comprising 70 articles, specially commissioned for this volume and written by leading authorities in their field, it provides an unusually wide-ranging examination of the interface between warfare and human health and society.
In a world where the post-cold war era has proved a profound disappointment as regards any diminution in the incidence of armed conflict, this up-to-date and comprehensive source book will prove invaluable to health professionals and social scientists as well as those active in human rights, peace and development.
Contents
Preface - Secretary General Kofi Annan, United Nations
Introduction
Part I: Historical View
1. Medicine against war - a historical review of anti-war activities of physicians - Christian Jenssen
2. The image of war in medical journals - a case study - Lauri Vuorenkoski, Ilkka Taipale, Vappu Taipale
3. Impact of warfare on medicine - Matti Ponteva
4. Problems of assistance and protection in modern conflicts - Gunnar Rosén
5. Changing character of war - Arto Nokkala
6. Military medicine - Matti Ponteva
Part II: Different Arms Systems
Conventional weapons
7. Antipersonnel weapons - Eric Prokosch and Ernst Jan Hogerndoorn
8. Small arms - Michael Renner
9. Anti-personnel landmines - Ian Maddocks
Weapons of mass destruction
10. Chemical weapons - Julian P Perry Robinson
11. Biological warfare - how serious a threat? - P Helena Mäkelä
12. Health effects of the military use and testing of nuclear weapons - Kati Juva
13. Atomic bomb casualty, experiences from Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Masao Tomonaga
14. Nuclear terrorism - Frank Barnaby
New technology
15. Non-lethal weapons - Nick Lewer
Part III: Health and the Social Effects of Warfare
Demographic effects
16. Morbidity and mortality among soldiers and civilians - Douglas Holdstock
17. The effects of wars on population - Anna Sillanpää
Effects on health care
18. The health and social consequences of diversion of economic resources to war and preparation for war - Victor W Sidel and Barry S Levy
19. Case report: Health and war: Mozambique - Abdul Razak Noormahomed and Julie Cliff
20. Case report: Post-war health and health care in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Mauno Konttinen
21. Case report: Warfare and health: the case of West Africa - Kolawole T Raheem and Kingsley K Akinroye
Vulnerable groups
22. Children and war - Vappu Taipale
23. Children's responses to the threat of nuclear war - Tytti Solantaus
24. Case report: Croatia - Paul Stubbs
25. Women as victims - Eva Isaksson
26. Rape - the female body as a symbol and a sign, gender-specific violence and the cultural construction of war - Ruth Seifert
27. Frontlines of mental health under war conditions - the case example of Former Yugoslavia - Søren Buus Jensen
28. The underprivileged, elderly, mentally ill and handicapped in the war - Klaus Doerner
After the war
29. War-injured veterans getting old - Leo Jarho
30. War veterans - Risto Hyvärinen
31. Past trauma persisting in the present: the survivors of earlier war time trauma in old age - Linda Hunt
Part IV: Social Structures in Connection with Wars
32. Arms trade and perceptions of security - Thomas A Cardamone
33. Psychological theories on aggressive behavior - Laura Pakaslahti
34. Language, communication and discourse - Paul A Chilton
35. The media in postmodern war and terrorism - Tapio Varis
36. War and alcohol - Jussi Simpura
37. Case report: Education for conflict resolution: a contribution to peacekeeping in the Republic of Macedonia - Violeta Petroska-Beska
Part V: War and Environment
38. Conventional warfare and the human environment - Arthur H Westing
39. Case report: Military Pollution - nuclear waste: Sailing directions classified - Alexander Yemelyanenkov and Andrei Zolotkov
40. Case report: Nuclear pollution in the former USSR - Sergei Kolesnikov and Alexander Yemelyanenkov
41. Case report: Military pollution - chemical waste - B.B.Bondarenko, L.G.Kasyanenko, Ye.N.Rose and O.N.Simonova
42. Case report: Gulf War Illnesses: role of chemical, radiological and biological exposures - Garth L Nicolson, Nancy L Nicolson, Joerg Haier and Marwan Nasralla
43. Case report: Kosovo war - first environmental impact assesment - Pekka Haavisto
Part VI: Prevention and Management of Wars
International regulatory activities
44. The laws of Geneva and the Hague - Gunnar Rosén
45. From Nuremberg to the International Criminal Court - Martin Scheinin
46. Defensive security - Saul Mendlovitz and Merav Datan
47. Nuclear weapons elimination: strategies for overcoming the political deadlock - Merav Datan, Brian Rawson and Lars Pohlmeier
48. The World Court Project - Kate Dewes and Robert D Green
49. Conflict monitoring - Jennifer Leaning, Jonathan Fine and Richard Garfield
50. Globalization: Expanded opportunities to prevent regional and global conflict through negotiation, mediation and preventive diplomacy -William W Monning
51. The role of international organizations - does the United Nations still matter? - Meri Koivusalo
52. International Red Cross - Jari Pirjola and Pär Stenbäck
53. Defence restructuring and conversion - Jussi S Jauhiainen
54. Humanitarian assistance to countries at war - an exercise in futility? - Hannu Vuori
55. Case report: Forensic medical investigations in Kosovo - Kari Karkola
Civilian efforts for peace
56. Trust building among nations in conflict through medical actions: the case of the Middle East - Ernesto Kahan
57. World religions - world peace - world ethic - Hans Küng
58. Stubborn peace: communities that refuse to fight - Mary-Wynne Ashford
Different non-governmental associations
59. Pugwash - Tom Milne
60. A brief history of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War - Michael Christ
61. Médecins Sans Frontières - Terhi Heinäsmäki
62. Physicians for Human Rights - Jonathan Fine and Susannah Sirkin
63. Amnesty International - research, documentation and action for human rights - James Welsh
64. Operation Handicap International - Hanna Tapanainen
65. International Peace Research Association - Unto Vesa
