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Full Description
Global economic progress in the twentieth century, while generally encouraging, was neither continuous nor uniform. With the exception of some Asian nations, countries that were more developed at the beginning of the twentieth century still rank amongst the wealthiest nations, while countries that were poorer, still lag behind. The distinguished authors in this volume address the fundamental causes for such heterogeneous international experiences, placing particular emphasis on the role of institutions.They demonstrate how the study of economic development is increasingly linked to the development of institutions, which allow for more complex exchanges to occur in markets and societies. Institutions can be understood as rules or constraints that channel individuals' actions in specific directions, and can be formal or informal depending on their genesis. The book highlights the connection between institutions and economic welfare by examining countries at different stages of development. Although the authors' study material effects, they also look at individual well-being which is more strongly influenced by the non-material products of institutions such as opportunity, freedom and relationships. They move on to highlight the role of institutions in global business, in terms of innovation, entrepreneurship and foreign direct investment. In the concluding chapters they focus on the actual process of transition from one institutional framework to another. Amongst other examples, they examine reforms to international financial institutions and constitutional adjustments in transition countries.
This varied yet highly topical book will be invaluable to institutional and public-choice economists, students and researchers of the theory and policy of international business, and social and political scientists interested in the role and evolution of institutions.
Contents
Contents: Foreword 1. Perspectives on Global Institutional Change Part I: Institutions, Economic Growth and Individual Welfare 2. Competition of Political-Economic Systems and Ideological Neutrality as Conditions for Viable Economic Development 3. The Impact of the Electoral System and of Other Political Institutions on Public Debt and Government Finances in Italy 4. Institutions Matter for Procedural Utility: An Econometric Study of the Impact of Political Participation Possibilities 5. Institutional Design in Plural Societies: Mitigating Ethnic Conflict and Fostering Stable Democracy 6. Fiscal Federalism and the Stability and Growth Pact: A Difficult Union Part II: Institutions and Business Activity 7. The Changing Institutional Form of Innovation: From Exploiting Market Power to Developing Corporate Technological Capability 8. Institutions, Entrepreneurship, and Growth: Biomedicine and Polymers in Sweden and Ohio 9. Corporate Governance and Capital Markets in the Two Capitalisms 10. Political Orientation and Multinational Investment Flows into Italy Part III: Institutional Transition 11. The Glorious Revolution of 1688: Successful Constitutional and Institutional Adjustment in a Period of Rapid Change 12. The Politics of Poverty 13. The Role of International Monetary Institutions after the EMU and the Asian Crisis: Some Preliminary ideas using Constitutional Economics 14. On the Delegation of Powers - With Special Emphasis on Central and Eastern Europe Index
