Full Description
Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols is intended to provide insightful reviews of key current topics and, particularly, state-- the-art methods for examining drug actions in their various neuroanato- cal, neurochemical, neurophysiological, neuropharmacological, and molecular perspectives. The book should prove particularly useful to n- comers (graduate students and technicians) in this field, as well as to those established scientists (neuroscientists, biochemists, and molecular biologists) intending to pursue new careers or directions in the study of drugs. The book's protocols cover a wide variety of coherent methods for gathering inf- mation on quantitative changes in proteins and mRNAs at both tissue and cel- lar levels. Inducible gene expression in striatal neurons has been a hot topic over the last decade. Alterations in gene expression for a wide range of proteins in the striatum have been investigated in response to drug administration. Altered expression of given mRNAs and their product proteins constitutes essential molecular steps in the development of neuroplasticity related to long-term addictive properties of drugs of abuse. With the multiple labeling methods that are also described in the book, gene expression can be detected in a chemically identified cell phenotype; the expression of multiple genes of interest can be detected in a single cell simultaneously. Hundreds or thousands of gene expr- sion products can today be detected in one experimental setup using the pow- ful systematic cDNA macroarray or microarray screening technology. Moreover, protocols useful in analyzing the functional roles of genes and proteins (e. g.
Contents
Special Reviews.- The Temporal Sequence of Changes in Gene Expression by Drugs of Abuse.- Effects of Psychomotor Stimulants on Glutamate Receptor Expression.- Adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Forebrain.- Neuroprotective Effect of Naloxone in Inflammation-Mediated Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration.- Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicity of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine.- Learning and Memory Mechanisms Involved in Compulsive Drug Use and Relapse.- From Drugs of Abuse to Parkinsonism: The MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.- Detection of MRNA Expression in the Striatum.- In Situ Hybridization with Isotopic Riboprobes for Detection of Striatal Neuropeptide mRNA Expression After Dopamine Stimulant Administration.- Combining In Situ Hybridization with Retrograde Tracing and Immunohistochemistry for Phenotypic Characterization of Individual Neurons.- Analysis of mRNA Expression Using Double In Situ Hybridization Labeling with Isotopic and Nonisotopic Probes.- Quantification of mRNA in Neuronal Tissue by Northern Analysis.- Analysis of Gene Expression in Striatal Tissue by Multiprobe RNase Protection Assay.- Analysis of mRNA Expression in Striatal Tissue by Differential Display Polymerase Chain Reaction.- Semiquantitative Real-Time PCR for Analysis of mRNA Levels.- Application of TaqMan RT-PCR for Real-Time Semiquantitative Analysis of Gene Expression in the Striatum.- Systematic Screening of Gene Expression Using a cDNA Macroarray.- Detection of Protein Expression in the Striatum.- Quantification of Protein in Brain Tissue by Western Immunoblot Analysis.- Immunohistochemical and Immunocytochemical Detection of Phosphoproteins in Striatal Neurons.- Analysis of Protein Expression in Brain Tissue by ELISA.- Dopamine Receptor Binding and QuantitativeAutoradiographic Study.- Analysis of DNA-Binding Activity in Neuronal Tissue with the Electrophoretic Mobility-Shift Assay.- Gene Function Analysis.- Viral-Mediated Gene Transfer to Study the Behavioral Correlates of CREB Function in the Nucleus Accumbens of Rats.- Generating Gene Knockout Mice for Studying Mechanisms Underlying Drug Addiction.- Antisense Approaches in Analyzing the Functional Role of Proteins in the Central Nervous System.- Striatal Culture Preparation.- Primary Striatal Neuronal Culture.- Primary Rat Mesencephalic Neuron-Glia, Neuron-Enriched, Microglia-Enriched, and Astroglia-Enriched Cultures.- Primary Culture of Adult Neural Progenitors.- Organotypic Culture of Developing Striatum.- Detection of Transmitter Release in the Striatum.- Microdialysis Coupled with Electrochemical Detection.- HPLC/EC Detection and Quantification of Acetylcholine in Dialysates.- Real-Time Measurements of Phasic Changes in Extracellular Dopamine Concentration in Freely Moving Rats by Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry.- Measurement of Dopamine Uptake in Neuronal Cells and Tissues.- Behvioral Assessment and Others.- Laboratory Analysis of Behavioral Effects of Drugs of Abuse in Rodents.- Conditioned Place Preference.- Detection of Cell Proliferation and Cell Fate in Adult CNS Using BrdU Double-Label Immunohistochemistry.
