基本説明
Describes societies' struggles to produce and then use ideas of what a "normal" past should look like.
Full Description
States of Memory illuminates the construction of national memory from a comparative perspective. The essays collected here emphasize that memory itself has a history: not only do particular meanings change, but the very faculty of memory—its place in social relations and the forms it takes—varies over time. Integrating theories of memory and nationalism with case studies, these essays stake a vital middle ground between particular and universal approaches to social memory studies.The contributors—including historians and social scientists—describe societies' struggles to produce and then use ideas of what a "normal" past should look like. They examine claims about the genuineness of revolution (in fascist Italy and communist Russia), of inclusiveness (in the United States and Australia), of innocence (in Germany), and of inevitability (in Israel). Essayists explore the reputation of Confucius among Maoist leaders during China's Cultural Revolution; commemorations of Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States Congress; the "end" of the postwar era in Japan; and how national calendars—in signifying what to remember, celebrate, and mourn—structure national identification. Above all, these essays reveal that memory is never unitary, no matter how hard various powers strive to make it so.
States of Memory will appeal to those scholars-in sociology, history, political science, cultural studies, anthropology, and art history-who are interested in collective memory, commemoration, nationalism, and state formation.
Contributors. Paloma Aguilar, Frederick C. Corney, Carol Gluck, Matt K. Matsuda, Jeffrey K. Olick, Francesca Polletta, Uri Ram, Barry Schwartz, Lyn Spillman, Charles Tilly, Simonetta Falasca Zamponi, Eviatar Zerubavel, Tong Zhang
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction / Jeffrey K. Olick 1
Rethinking a Great Event: The October Revolution as Memory Project / Frederick C. Corney 17
Of Storytellers and Master Narratives: Modernity, Memory, and History in Fascist Italy / Simonetta Falasca Zamponi 43
Idols of the Emperor / Matt K. Matsuda 72
Confucius and the Cultural Revolution: A Study in Collective Memory / Tong Zhang and Barry Schwartz 101
Institutional Legacies and Collective Memories: The Case of the Spanish Transition to Democracy / Paloma Aguilar 128
When Do Collective Memories Last? Founding Moments in the United States and Australia / Lyn Spillman 161
Legacies and Liabilities of an Insurgent Past: Remembering Martin Luther King Jr. on the House and Senate Floor / Francesca Polletta 193
Postnationalist Pasts: The Case of Israel / Uri Ram 227
What Does It Mean to Normalize the Past? Official Memory in German Politics since 1989 / Jeffrey K. Olick 259
The "End" of the Postwar: Japan at the Turn of the Millennium / Carol Gluck 289
Calendars and History: A Comparative Study of the Social Organization of National Memory / Eviatar Zerubavel 315
Afterword: Borges and Brass / Charles Tilly 339
Contributors 347
Index 351
