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基本説明
Examines, over a 50 year period, the relationship between competing policy objectives of reducing poverty, maintaining growth, improving social cohesion, and protecting the environment.
Full Description
The World Development Report 2003 addresses how to lift from poverty the three billion people now living in severe deprivation. It also explores how to improve the quality of life for everybody today and for the two billion more who will join mankind in the next thirty years. Substantial increases in growth and productivity will be necessary to achieve this goal. The current scale of economic activity and speed of change is such that ecosystem and social structures cannot keep up. The Report puts forth two main messages: the first point is that enhancing prosperity and reducing poverty requires better care of the planet's ecosystem and social fabric. And secondly, that stronger collective action at all levels-from local to global-is essential for generating and scaling up the institutions that can transform growth.
Contents
FOREWORD; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS; ROADMAP TO WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2003; 1. Achievements and Challenges; The core development challenge; Act now--even for long-term problems; 2. Managing a Broader Portfolio of Assets; Sustainability--an evolving framework; Measuring sustainability; The importance of a range of assets; Why the need to manage a broader portfolio of assets?; Tradeoffs and sustainable development; Some assets are overused or underprovided--why?; Correcting the overuse or underprovision of important assets; 3. Institutions for Sustainable Development; Institutions coordinating human behavior; Institutions protecting assets; Picking up signals, balancing interests, and implementing decisions; Overcoming barriers to coordination; Promoting inclusiveness; Catalysts for change; 4. Improving Livelihoods on Fragile Lands; Inclusion, innovation, and migration; Managing fragile lands to improve livelihoods; Living on the edge--the arid plains; Living on a precipice--the mountains; Nurturing assets by listening--and by enabling communities to act; Nurturing women's human capital; The use of nonrenewable local resources--balancing interests; Balancing interests among governments, companies, and communities; Partnering for change; 5. Valuing People, Land, and Water; Land and water constraints; Eliminate rural poverty and prepare outmigrants; Intensify the use of land; Intensify the use of water; Get Ahead of the Frontier; Conclusion; 6. Getting the Best from Cities; The challenge of urban life; City Lights: Beacons of hope and warning flares; Building informed constituencies to address spillovers and anticipate risks; Balancing interests to provide urban public goods; Inclusion and access to assets--challenging the institutional roots of urban slums; Institutions for sustainable urban development; Conclusion; 7. Strengthening National Coordination; Promoting inclusiveness; Creating a sound investment climate; Managing the environment; Managing natural resources and using aid effectively; Averting violent conflict; Conclusion; 8. Global Problems and Local Concerns; Designing institutions to solve global problems; Conserving biodiversity: Maintaining current services and future options; Mitigating and adapting to risks of climate change; Conclusion; 9. Pathways to a Sustainable Future; Acting today; A global vision and accord; Ongoing dialogue--some open questions
