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基本説明
The book is composed of thirty articles, which are divided into three main parts: Democratization in the Arab World, Iran and Turkey, and Islam and Democracy.
Full Description
A comprehensive assessment of the origins and staying power of Middle East autocracies, as well as a sober account of the struggles of state reformers and opposition forces to promote civil liberties, competitive elections and a pluralistic vision of Islam. Drawing on the insights of some 25 leading Western and Middle Eastern scholars, the book highlights the dualistic and often contradictory nature of political liberalization. As the case studies of Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, and Yemen suggest, political liberalization - as managed by the state - not only opens new spaces for debate and criticism, but is also used as a deliberate tactic to avoid genuine democratization. In several chapters on Iran, the authors analyze the benefits and costs of limited reform. There, the electoral successes of President Mohammad Khatami and his reformist allies inspired a new generation but have not as yet undermined the clerical establishment's power. By contrast, in Turkey a party with Islamist roots is moving a discredited system beyond decades of conflict and paralysis, following a stunning election victory in 2002.
Turkey's experience highlights the critical role of political Islam as a force for change. While acknowledging the enduring attraction of radical Islam throughout the Arab world, the concluding chapters carefully assess the recent efforts of Muslim civil society activists and intellectuals to promote a liberal Islamic alternative. Their struggles to affirm the compatibility of Islam and pluralistic democracy face daunting challenges, not least of which is the persistent efforts of many Arab rulers to limit the influence of all advocates of democracy, secular or religious.
Contents
Part I: Democratization in the Arab World
1. A Record of Failure
2. Illusions of Change
3. The Awakening of Civil Society
4. The Trap of Liberalized Autocracy
5. The Decline of Pluralism in Mubarak's Egypt
6. Algeria's Uneasy Peace
7. Depoliticization in Morocco
8. Stirrings in Saudi Arabia
9. Emirs and Parliaments in the Gulf
10. Yemen's Aborted Opening
11. Deliberalization in Jordan
Part II: Iran and Turkey
12. Iran's Remarkable Election
13. Is Iran Democratizing? Observations on Election Day
14. Is Iran Democratizing? Reform at an Impasse
15. Is Iran Democratizing? A Comparativist's Perspective
16. The Deadlock in Iran: Pressures from Below
17. The Deadlock in Iran: Constitutional Constraints
18. Turkey at the Polls: A Historic Opportunity
19. Turkey at the Polls: A New Path Emerges
Part III: Islam and Democracy
20. Muslims and Democracy
21. A Historical Overview
22. Two Visions of Reformation
23. he Challenge of Secularization
24. The Sources of Enlightened Muslim Thought
25. The Elusive Reformation
26. The Silenced Majority
27. Faith and Modernity
28. Islamists and the Politics of Consensus
29. An Exit from Arab Autocracy
30. Terror, Islam and Democracy
