基本説明
Presents psychological and educational foundations of the writing across the curriculum movement.
Full Description
In a brief summary, the debate concerning the nature of writing processes is about whether the essential characteristic of expertise in writing is a matter of mastering problem-solving strategies. In this respect, the role of social and interactive factors, such as writers' familiarity with the particular genre in which they are writing and their relationship with the discourse community in which they are participating, have been pointed out (e.g. Nystrand, 1989). According to the socio-interactive approach, which refers to Vygotsky's theory, the composition process is a dialogue between the writer and the reader made possible by socially shared knowledge. The meaning of a text is a social construct that is negotiated between the reader and the writer through the medium of the text. The importance of motivational aspects has also been highlighted by two main lines of research, studies of the relationship between writing and self-efficacy (e.g. Pajares & Johnson, 1994, 1996) and studies of the role of interest in the production of expository texts (e.g. Albin, Benton & Khramtsova, 1996; Benton, Corkill, Sharp, Downey, Khramtsova, 1995; Hidi & McLaren, 1990, 1991). Self-efficacy, in this context individuals' beliefs about their ability to produce certain types of texts, have been found to be predictive of writing skills, strategy use and writing performance.
Contents
Prologue.- Writing As A Learning Tool: An Introduction.- Writing To Learn: One Theory, Two Rationales.- Writing, Learning And The Development Of Expertise In Higher Education.- On The Ecology Of Classroom Instruction: The Case Of Writing In High School English And Social Studies.- Writing To Learn, Writing To Transfer.- Sequential Writing Tasks' Influence On Science Writing.- Note Taking And Essay Writing.- Portfolio: Integrating Writing, Learning And Assessment.- New Technology, Writing And Learning.- References.- Name Index.- List Of Contributors.
