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基本説明
Addresses the redox balance in cells and organisms, which is of paramount importance in biology.
Full Description
Although the term redox covers an important number of chemical reactions, biochemists are more familiar with reactions involving the reactions mediated by electron transfer chains associated with respiration, the thiol-disulfide exchanges and the reactions occurring in the presence of free radicals. More recently, the importance of these reactions in the living world and in medicine has been recognized by biochemists, biologists, physiologists, physicians, etc. The importance of the subject in both fundamental and is reflected by the abundance of interesting reviews applied science concerning the subject (Cadenas, 1989, Del Maestro, 1991) and books (Dreosti, 1991; Rice-Evans and Burdon, 1994; Armstrong, 1994) The aim of this chapter is to describe basic reactions known with references to reviews covering special subjects related to redox reactions. Transformation of energy in living organisms is mediated by complex biological systems such as electron transfer chains where the succession of redox reactions provides energy to the organisms. Molecular oxygen or dioxygen is an essential molecule and is the terminal acceptor of electrons during respiration in eukaryotes. In these organisms, the electron transfer chain is located in the mitochondrial membranes and produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In anaerobes, the electron acceptor is C0 , S, sulphate or nitrate ions 2 instead of 02.
Contents
An Ancient Cellular Mechanism in the Tension Field between Energy Requirements and Destruction Avoidance.- Overview.- The Biochemistry Of Redox Reactions.- Light-Dark and Thioredoxin-Mediated Metabolic Redox Control in Plant Cells.- Redox Cycling of Intracellular Thiols: State Variables for Ultradian, Cell Division Cycle and Circadian Cycles?.- Occurrence and comparative physiology of melatonin in evolutionary diverse organisms.- Circadian Rhythms and Oxidative Stress in Non-vertebrate Organisms.- Circadian Aspects of the Cellular Redox State: Melatonin Actions and Implications for Oncogenesis.- Plasma membrane electron transport and the control of cellular redox status and circadian rhythms.- Fluctuation of Reactive Oxygen Species Released by Inflammatory Cells*.- Circadian variations in toxic liver injury and the hepatic P-450 monooxygenase system.- Apoptotic Signals: Possible Implication Of Circadian Rhythms.- Redox capacities of in vitro cultured plant tissues: the case of hyperhydricity..- Redox state and phosphorylation potential as macroparameters in rhythmic control of metabolism — a molecular basis for seasonal adaptation of development.
