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Full Description
The research in this book covers papers on a great number of research projects on the responses of plants and crops of natural terrestrial ecosystems, of agro-ecosystems, and of aquatic ecosystems, to enhanced solar UV-B as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion. Some introductory chapters deal with general aspects of how plants respond to UV-B radiation.
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is a primary energy resource for terrestrial plants, necessary for plant growth. Inevitably terrestrial plants absorb UV-B when exposed to solar radiation. The spectral balance between PAR and UV-B is discussed in several chapters. The responses of plants and ecosystems from the Antarctic and Arctic to enhanced solar UV-B radiation as a consequence of the hole in the ozone layer are considered in some detail. In addition the papers in the book discuss the problem of how responses of plants to UV-B radiation interact with other environmental factors.
The book is of great importance for those who are involved in global change topics: biologists, ecologists, earth scientists, agronomists, environmental scientists, and those who develop environmental policy.
Contents
Section 1 — General.- Is provitamin D a UV-B receptor in plants?.- (Poly)phenolic compounds in pollen and spores of Antarctic plants as indicators of solar UV-B: a new proxy for the construction of past solar UV-B?.- The direct effects of UV-B radiation on Betula pubescens litter decomposing at four European field sites.- Section 2 — Terrestrial Plants and Terrestrial Ecosystems.- The reduction of aboveground Calamagrostis epigeios mass and tiller number by enhanced U V-B in a dune-grassland ecosystem.- The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation on the spring geophyte Pulmonaria officinalis.- The growth, flower properties and demography of Anthemis arvensis exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation.- Section 3 — Arctic and Antarctic Plants and Ecosystems.- Short-term impacts of enhanced UV-B radiation on photo-assimilate allocation and metabolism: a possible interpretation for time-dependent inhibition of growth.- Field research on the effects of UV-B filters on terrestrial Antarctic vegetation.- The effects of altered levels of UV-B radiation on an Antarctic grass and lichen.- Consequences of depletion of stratospheric ozone for terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems: the response of Deschampsia antarctica to enhanced UV-B radiation in a controlled environment.- Section 4 — Interactions of UV-B Radiation with Other Factors of Terrestrial Environments.- Reduction of ambient UV-B radiation does not affect growth but may change the flowering pattern of Rosmarinus officinalis L..- UV-B and PAR in single and mixed canopies grown under different UV-B exclusions in the field.- The response of Vicia faba to enhanced UV-B radiation under low and near ambient PAR levels.- Growth under UV-B radiation increases tolerance to high-light stress in pea and bean plants.- Nutrient availabilityinfluences UV-B sensitivity of Plantago lanceolata.- Increased solar UV-B radiation may reduce infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in dune grassland plants: evidence from five years of field exposure.- Combined effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and additional nutrients on growth of two Mediterranean plant species.- Effects of UV-B radiation and additional irrigation on the Mediterranean evergreen sclerophyll Ceratonia siliqua L. under field conditions.- Combined effects of CO2 concentration and enhanced UV-B radiation on faba bean.- Enhanced UV-B radiation, artificial wounding and leaf chemical defensive potential in Phlomis fruticosa L..- Section 5 — Aquatic Plants and Aquatic Ecosystems.- Responses of aquatic algae and cyanobacteria to solar UV-B.- Effects of UV-B radiation on a charophycean alga, Chara aspera.- Differential sensitivity to natural ultraviolet radiation among phytoplankton species in Arctic lakes (Spitsbergen, Norway).- The photoprotective role of humus-DOC for Selenastrum and Daphnia.- Species Index.
