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Learn the ins and outs of the export-import business!Export-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures is a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of international trade theories and techniques. International trade professionals, researchers, students, and members of chambers of commerce will benefit from concepts and theories that explain international trade operations and give clearly defined goals and procedures for your business. This excellent text offers chapter summaries, references, World Wide Web addresses, and features learning aids such as figures, tables, vignettes, and other illustrations to help you compete in the global marketplace and better educate students in the field.With this informative text, you will explore trade agreements such as the GATT/WTO, NAFTA, and the European Economic Community (EEC), and how they affect trade. For example, you will read about the investment and intellectual property policies, as well as rules on government procurements, safeguards, and services of NAFTA. Export-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures examines export-import marketing and strategy concepts from setting up businesses to solving typical international logistics and transportation questions. Other areas you will examine include:
documentation, risks, and different forms of insurance
price setting in international trade
export sales contracts
documenting export-import trade
the risks of foreign trade
exchange rates and international trade
methods of payment for exporting and importing goods
the benefits and theories of countertrade
the entry process for imports
import relief to domestic industryExport-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures covers everything you need to know to start and run an export-import business. With over 100 tables and figures and a plethora of Web sites and Internet addresses to visit, this excellent text assists you in understanding the theories, practices, and procedures of exporting and importing to help you make informed and profitable business decisions.
Contents
Contents
Preface
Strengths and Features of This Book
Acknowledgments
Introduction: A Brief History of International Trade
Ancient Period
Colonial Period (1500-1900)
1900 to the Present
Section I: Overview of International Trade
Chapter 1. Growth and Direction of International Trade
Importance of International Trade to the Global Economy
Determinants of Trade
Volume and Direction of Trade
Important Developments in Trade
Chapter Summary
Chapter 2. International and Regional Agreements Affecting Trade
The GATT and WTO
The North American Free Trade Agreement
The European Economic Community
Chapter Summary
Section II: Export Marketing and Strategy
Chapter 3. Setting Up the Business
Ownership Structure
Business or Trade Name
Bank Accounts, Permits, and Licenses
Location and Use of Professional Services
Organizing for Export: Industry Approach
General Principles of Taxation
Taxation of Export-Import Transactions
Chapter Summary
Chapter 4. Planning and Preparations for Export
Assessing and Selecting the Product
International Market Research
International Market Assessment
Developing an International Business Plan
Export Counseling and Assistance
Overseas Travel and Promotion
Chapter Summary
Chapter 5. Export Channels of Distribution
Distribution Channel Selection
Indirect Channels
Direct Channels
Locating, Contacting, and Evaluating Agents and Distributors
Contracts with Foreign Agents and Distributors (Representatives)
Major Clauses in Representation Agreements
Maintaining and Motivating Overseas Representatives
Chapter Summary
Chapter 6. International Logistics and Transportation
External Influences on Logistics Decisions
Typical Logistics Problems and Solutions
The International Logistics Process
Logistics Functions
Transportation
Chapter Summary
Section III. Executing the Transactions
Chapter 7. Pricing in International Trade
Determinants of Export Prices
Pricing in Export Markets
Terms of Sale
Chapter Summary
Chapter 8. Export Sales Contracts
Harmonization of Contract Law
Pertinent Clauses in Export Contracts
Chapter Summary
Chapter 9. Documentation, Risk, and Insurance
Documentation in Export-Import Trade
Risks in Foreign Trade
Marine and Aviation Insurance
Claims and Procedures
Chapter Summary
Section IV: Payment Terms and Procedures
Chapter 10. Exchange Rates and International Trade
Foreign Exchange Transactions
Protection Against Exchange Rate Risks
Chapter Summary
Chapter 11. Methods of Payment
Consignment Sales
Open Account
Documentary Collection (Documentary Draft)
Documentary Letter of Credit
Cash in Advance
Other Letters of Credit
Chapter Summary
Chapter 12. Countertrade
Origins of Countertrade
Benefits of Countertrade
Theories on Countertrade
Forms of Countertrade
Countertrade and the GATT/WTO
Countertrade and the International Monetary Fund
Governments' Attitude Toward Countertrade
Chapter Summary
Section V: Financing Techniques and Vehicles
Chapter 13. Capital Requirements and Private Sources of Financing
Capital Sources for Export-Import Businesses
Private Sources of Export Financing
Chapter Summary
Chapter 14. Government Export Financing Programs
Export-Import Bank of the United States (Eximbank)
Small Business Administration
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
Private Export Funding Corporation
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Chapter Summary
Section VI: Export Regulations and Tax Incentives
Chapter 15. Regulations and Policies Affecting Exports
Export Licensing and Administration
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