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Full Description
The sixth edition of Electrical Grounding has been thoroughly updated in accordance with the 2002 National Electrical Code (NEC�), including a major reorganization of sections in Chapter 3 of the NEC and increased use of metric measurements. Early chapters serve as an orientation to the "what" and "why" of grounding, including explanations of the electrical theory and terminology used in Article 250 of the NEC�. Subsequent chapters of the book permit readers to explore individual conductors used in the grounding system in detail, starting with the grounding electrode. Permitted materials (including metal, steel and encased concrete), installation, sizing, and potential pitfalls are addressed. Once readers have become comfortable with basic installations, the book devotes attention to special installations, such as: separately derived systems, multiple buildings or structures served by a common service, high-voltage installations, and the use of ground-fault protection. The author's unique systematic approach has served as an effective path to true understanding of every phase of electrical grounding for countless journeyman electricians.
Contents
Preface. List of NFPA Materials. Introduction. Chapter1: Article 250, Grounding. Overview of Article 250, Grounding. Definitions. Chapter2: Electrical Theory Applicable to Grounding. Current Flow. The Electron. Ohm''s Law. Direct Current. Series Circuit. Alternating Current. Impedance. Amps and Overcurrent Protective Devices. Parallel Circuit. Series-Parallel Circuit. Chapter3: Grounding for Safety. Electric Shock. Potential Difference. Grounding and Electric Shock. Chapter4: Faults. Types of Faults. Stresses Caused by Faults. Ionization. Grounded-System Faults. Impedance-Grounded Systems. Ungrounded System Faults. Ground Fault Detectors. Chapter5: Grounding Electrode System. Grounding Theory. Responsibility of the Grounding Electrode. The Ground Rod. Metal Water Pipe Electrode. Building Steel as an Electrode. Concrete-Encased Electrode. Ground Ring Electrode. Made Electrodes. Summary. Chapter6: Grounding Electrode Conductor. Definition of Grounding Electrode Conductor. Materials. Splicing. Installation and Protection. Connecting the Grounding Electrode Conductor. Sizing the DC Grounding Electrode Conductor. Sizing the AC Grounding Electrode Conductor. Sizing Grounding Electrode Conductors. Summary. Chapter7: Circuit and System Grounding. Why Ground Circuits and Systems? Definitions. Direct-Current Systems. Alternating-Current Systems. AC Systems Not Required to Be Grounded. High-Impedance Grounding. Chapter8: Grounded Conductor. Definition of Grounded Conductor. Grounded Conductor Connection in a Direct-Current System. Grounded Conductor Connection in an Alternating-Current System. Bringing the Grounded Conductor to Service. Sizing the Grounded Conductor. Installing the Grounded Conductor. System or Circuit Conductor to be Grounded. Identifying the Grounded Conductor. Grounded Conductor Overcurrent Protection. Chapter9: Main Bonding Jumper. Definition of Main Bonding Jumper. Location of the Main Bonding Jumper. Materials for the Main Bonding Jumper. Connections. Sizing the Main Bonding Jumper. Chapter10: Equipment Grounding Conductor. Definition of Equipment Grounding Conductor. Definition of System. Definition of Circuit. Performance of Fault Current Path. Types of Equipment Grounding Conductors. Wire Used for Equipment Grounding Conductor. Identification of Equipment Grounding Conductor. Installation of Equipment Grounding Conductor. Raceways as Equipment Grounding Conductor. Earth as an Equipment Grounding Conductor. Equipment Grounding Conductor Connections. Equipment Grounding Conductor Continuity. Sizing Equipment Grounding Conductor. Equipment Grounding Conductor in Boxes. Agricultural Buildings. Chapter11: Equipment and Enclosure Bonding. Definitions. Materials. Connections. Bonding at Service Equipment. Sizing Bonding Jumpers on Supply Side of Service. Grounding Electrode Conductor Enclosure Bonding. Flexible Metal Conduit in Service-Entrance Raceway. Bonding Other Than at Service. Structural Bonding Steel. Sizing Load Side of Service Bonding Jumpers. Bonding Grounding Electrode Systems. Bonding Receptacles. Bonding Lighting Protection System. Establishing an Equipotential Plane in an Agricultural Building. Swimming Pool Bonding Grid. Summary. Chapter12: Equipment and Enclosure Grounding. Why Ground Metal Enclosures And Equipment? Enclosure And Raceway Grounding. Part F. Equipment Grounding. Methods Of Grounding Enclosures And Equipment. Grounding Panelboards. Isolated Equipment Grounding Receptacles. Tower Grounding. Computer Grounding. Chapter13: Grounded Circuit Conductor For Grounding Equipment. The Basic Rule. Supply-Side Use. Second Building. Separately Derived System. Load-Side Use. Summary. Chapter14: Ground-Fault Protective Equipment. Ground-Fault Protection Of Equipment. Ground-Fault Protection Equipment Required At Service. Ground-Fault Protection Equipment Required-Feeder. Definition Of Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter. Receptacles Requiring GFCI Protection. Chapter15: System And Circuit Grounding 1 kV and Over. Neutral Grounded Systems. Neutral Grounded Systems Required And Permitted. Equipment Grounding. Chapter16: Separately Derived Systems. Definition Of Separately Derived System. Bonding Jumper. Grounding Electrode Conductor. Grounding Electrode. Bonding At Separately Derived Systems. Dedicated Five-Wire System. Portable Generators. Vehicle-Mounted Generators. Chapter17: Two Or More Buildings Supplied By One Service. Disconnecting Means. Grounded And Ungrounded Systems. Second Building Grounding Electrode System. Sizing The System Grounding Conductor At The Second Building. No Disconnecting Means At The Second Building. Agricultural Buildings. Chapter18: Calculating Fault Currents. And Grounding Conductor Withstand Rating. Introduction. Purpose Of Grounding. Short Circuits and Ground Faults. Protective-Device Terms. Important Code Sections. Fault Current Path. Available Fault Current. Factors Affecting Amount of Fault Current. Transformer Secondary Current. Transformer Impedance. Other Factors Affecting Fault-Current Values. Point-To-Point Calculations. Fault Current and Parallel Conductors. Combining Fuse and Circuit Breaker for Protection. Summary. Appendix. Index.
