基本説明
The volumes provide: an overview of questionnaire measurement in social science; a review of different approaches to questionnaire construction; discussion of problems of validity and measurement of theoretical concepts; and more.
Full Description
Questionnaires are one of the principal research tools for discovering people's thoughts, experience, attitudes and orientations to future action. Social scientists and researchers have been using questionnaires systematically for about three quarters of a century, since market research, opinion polling and survey research became a feature in both US and UK society in the 1920s and 30s.This unrivalled collection provides the most complete resource of material about questionnaires.The first volume provides an introduction to the use of questionnaires. It examines the principles of question construction, considers different types of questionnaire, principles of social measurement and the relationship between expressed attitudes, and actual social behaviour. The second volume covers the main types of questionnaire and question construction. Included here is material on question order, question wording and response alternatives. The measurement of attitudes is examined.The third volume focuses on how to handle sensitive questons, problems of validity, the extent to which researchers succeed in measuring what they want to measure, and the relationship between the tools which they use and the underlying theoretical constructs. The fourth volume, on Surveys in the World, brings together the best material on memory and recall, truth-telling issues and how respondents comprehend basic questions. The advent of the computer programmed questionnaire is examined.The collection represents a distillation of the world's best material on questions and questionnaires in social surveys.Martin Bulmer is Professor of Sociology at the University of Surrey and co-director of its Institute of Social Research.
Contents
VOLUME ONEEditor's IntroductionQuestionnaires - An OverviewPART ONE: ORIENTATIONPART ONE: GENERALAsking and Answering - David Reisman and Mark BenneyWhy Ask? - Jerry R Hobbs and Jane J RobinsonWhat's in a Question? - Jacob Shamir, Neta Ziskind and Shoshana Blum-KulkaA Content Analysis of Survey QuestionsThe Formulation of Questions - Robert L Kahn and Charles F CannellInterviews versus Questionnaires - Frank K Gibson and Brett W HawkingsComparisons of Interviews with Questionnaires for Measuring Mothers' Attitudes toward Sex and Aggression - Robert R SearsEffects of Questionnaire Design on the Quality of Survey Data - Maria Elena SanchezAsking the Age Question - Robert A PetersonA Research NoteChecks to Ensure that Questions Work as Intended - William FoddySECTION TWO: OPEN AND CLOSEDWho Left It Open? - Stanley L PayneA Description of the Free-Answer Question and its DemeritsThe Controversy Over Detailed Interviews - Paul F LazarsfeldAn Offer for NegotiationStrong Arguments and Weak Evidence - Jean M ConverseThe Open/Closed Questioning Controversy of the 1940sThe Open and Closed Question - Howard Schuman and Stanley PresserTwo Problems in the Use of the Open Question - Albert A CampbellPolling, Open Interviewing and the Problem of Interpretation - Angus CampbellSECTION THREE: OPINIONS AND ATTITUDESAttitudes versus Actions - Richard T LaPiereProblems in the Use of the Survey Questions to Measure Public Opinion - Howard Schuman and Jacqueline ScottThe Meaning of Opinion - David Riesman and Nathan GlazerNo Opinion, Don't Know and Maybe No Answer - Leo BogartSECTION FOUR: MEASUREMENTThe Measurement of Social Attitudes - L L ThurstoneVague Quantifiers - Norman M Bradburn and Carrie MilesTeaching Data Collection in Social Survey Research - George W BrownHow Comparative Is Comparative Research? - Roger JowellThe In-Depth Testing of Survey Questions - William FoddyA Critical Appraisal of MethodsBringing Partiality to Light - G[UM]un R Semin and Christianne J De PootQuestion Wording and Choice as Indicators Of BiasVOLUME TWOPART TWO: QUESTION CONSTRUCTIONExperimental Evidence on Question Design - Jean M Converse and Stanley PresserThe Quintamensional Plan of Question Design - George GallupExperiments in the Wording of Questions - Hadley Cantril and S S WilksDoes the Question Form Influence Public Opinion Poll Results? - Albert B BlankenshipConsumer and Opinion Research - Sydney Roslow, Wallace H Wulfech and Philip G CorbyExperimental Studies on the Form of the QuestionHow Interviewer Effects Operate Through Question Form - Herbert Stember and Herbert HymanThe Effect of Question Order on Responses - Norman M Bradburn and William M MasonEffects of Question Order on Survey Responses - Sam G McfarlandQuestion Order and Fair Play - Frederick O Lorenz, John Saltiel and Danny R HoytEvidence of Even-Handedness in Rural SurveysIt Was Party Identification All Along - Anthony Heath and Roy PierceQuestion Order Effects on Reports of Party Identification in BritainQuestion-Order Effects on Presidential Popularity - Lee SigelmanMeasuring Levels of Party Identification - Ian McAllister and Martin P WattenburgDoes Question Order Matter?Measuring the Third-Person Effect of News - Vincent Price and David TewksburyThe Impact of Question Order, Contrast and KnowledgeImpact of Question Order on Third-Person Effect - Michel Dupagne, Michael B Salwen and Bryant PaulQuestion Order Effects on Subjective Measures of Quality of Life - Fern K Willits and John SaltielPart-Whole Question Order Effects - Fern K Willits and Bin KeViews of RuralityQuestion Wording and Reports of Survey Results - Jon A KrosnickThe Case of Louis Harris and Associates and Aetna Life and CasualtyQuestion Wording and Public Support for Contra Aid, 1983-1986 - Brad Lockerbie and Stephen A BorrelliWanted - Elisabeth Noelle-NeumannRules for Wording Structured QuestionnairesSymbols in Survey Questions - Joan Flynn FeeSolving the Problems of Multiple Word MeaningsThe Measurement of a Middle Position in Attitude Surveys - Stanley Presser and Howard SchumanThe Effects of Offering a Middle Response Option with Opinion Questions - G Kalton, Julie Roberts and D HoltExperiments with the Middle Response Alternative in Survey Questions - George F BishopAsking Comparative Questions - Michaela W[um]anke, Norbert Schwarz and Elisabeth Noelle-NeumannThe Impact of the Direction of ComparisonThe Acquiescence Quagmire - Howard Schuman and Stanley PresserMeasuring Attitudes - William FoddyVOLUME THREEPART THREE: METHODOLOGICAL ISSUESSECTION ONE: SENSITIVE QUESTIONSAsking the Embarrassing Question - Allen H BartonThe Use of Leading Questions in Non-Schedule Interviews - Stephen A RichardsonA Use for Leading Questions in Research Interviewing - Barbara Snell Dohrenwend and Stephen A RichardsonHow to Ask Questions about Drinking and Sex - Ed Blair, Seymour Sudman, Norman M Bradburn and Carol StockingResponse Effects in Measuring Consumer BehaviorReducing Refusal Rates in the Case of Threatening Questions - Hans-J Hippler and Gabriele HipplerThe `Door-in-the-Face' TechniqueQuestion Threat and Response Bias - Norman M Bradburn, Seymour Sudman, Ed Blair and Carol StockingA Classification of Biased Questions - Eugene LitwakAsking Sensitive Questions on Surveys - Raymond M LeeSECTION TWO: FICTITIOUS QUESTIONSMay We Presume? - Stanley L PayneA Lecture on Taking Too Much for GrantedOpinions on Fictitious Issues - George F Bishop, Alfred J Tuchfarber and Robert W OldendickThe Pressure to Answer Survey QuestionsSECTION THREE: VARIOUS DESIGN ISSUESContext Effects on Survey Responses to Questions about Abortion - Howard Schuman, Stanley Presser and Jacob LudwigThe Effect of Response Categories on Questionnaire Answers - Todd H Rockwood, Roberta L Sangster and Don A DillmanContext and Mode EffectsPolitical Information Processing - George F Bishop, Robert W Oldendick and Alfred J TuchfaberQuestion Order and Context EffectsEquivalence of Questionnaire Items with Varying Response Formats - David A Frisbie and Dale C BrandenburgEffects of Filter Questions in Public Opinion Surveys - George F Bishop, Robert W Oldendick and Alfred J Tuchfaber The Yes-No Question Answering System and Statement Verification - M Michael Akiyama, William F Brewer and Edward J ShobenEffects of Presenting One Versus Two Sides of an Issue in Survey Questions - George F Bishop, Robert W Oldendick and Alfred J TuchfaberAn Application of Rasch Analysis to Questionnaire Design - Elizabeth A Martin, Pamela C Campanelli and Robert E FayUsing Vignettes to Study the Meaning of `Work' in the Current Population SurveyTestimony Validity as a Function of Question Form, Atmosphere and Item Difficulty - Kent H Marquis, Jean Marshall and Stuart OskampAttitudes and Non-Attitudes - Philip E ConverseContinuation of a DialoguePART FOUR: VALIDITYFixed-Choice Questionnaires - Aaron V CicourelLearning How To Ask - Charles L BriggsNative Metacommunicative Competence and the Incompetence of FieldworkersValidity of Responses to Survey Questions - Hugh J Parry and Helen M CrossleyHas Racism Declined in America? It Depends on Who Is Asking and What Is Asked - John B McConahay, Betty B Hardee and Valerie BattsThe Random Probe - Howard SchumanA Technique for Evaluating the Validity of Closed QuestionsVOLUME FOURData Construction - Nicholas BatesonBasic ConceptsSECTION ONE: MEMORY AND RECALLThe Limitations of Human Memory - Alan BaddeleyImplications for the Design of Retrospective SurveysRetrospective Data in Survey Research - Peter MeneerThe Retrospective Question - Raymond FinkLeading Questions and the Eye Witness Report - Elizabeth F LoftusSince the Eruption of Mount St Helens, Has Anyone Beaten You Up? Improving the Accuracy of Retrospective Reports with Landmark Events - Elizabeth F Loftus and Wesley MarburgerMy Memory - William A WagenaarA Study of Autobiographical Memory Over Six YearsPredicting Test-Retest Reliability From Behavior Coding - Jennifer Hess, Eleanor Singer and John BusheryLatent Class Analysis of Survey Questions That Include Don't Know Responses - Lawrence F FeickMonitoring Maternity Services by Postal Questionnaire - Claudia J MartinCongruity Between Mothers' Reports and their Obstetric RecordsNew Quantitative Techniques for Pretesting Survey Questions - Charles Cannell, Floyd J Fowler, Graham Kalton, Lois Oksenberg and Katherine BischopingPretesting in Questionnaire Design - Nina Reynolds, Adamantios Diamantopoulos and Bodo SchlegelmilchA Review of the Literature and Suggestions for Further ResearchAn Empirical Evaluation of In-Depth Probes Used To Pretest Survey Questions - William FoddyImproving Coding Reliability for Open-Ended Questions - Andrew C Montgomery and Kathleen S CrittendenDiagnostics for Redesigning Survey Questionnaires - Elizabeth Martin and Anne E PolivkaMeasuring Work in the Current Population SurveyMeasurement in Subjective Health Assessment - Crispin Jenkinson, Martin Bardsley and Kate LawrenceThemes and ProspectsAnalysing Drug Abuse with British Crime Survey Data - Ziggy MacDonald and Stephen PudneyModelling and Questionnaire Design IssuesSECTION FOUR: NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN A CHANGING WORLDComputer Assisted Personal Interviewing in Survey Research - Jean Martin and Tony MannersTechnological Innovations in Data Collection - Edith de Leeuw and William Nicholls IIAcceptance, Data Quality and CostsWeb Survey Design and Administration - Mick P Couper, Michael W Traugott and Mark J LamiasNavigating the Rapids of Change - Don A DillmanSome Observations on Survey Methodology in the Early Twenty First Century
