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基本説明
This study investigates the thinking of European authors from Victoria to Kant about political justice, the global community, and the rights of strangers as one special form of interaction among individuals of divergent societies, political communities, and cultures.
Full Description
This study investigates the thinking of European authors from Vitoria to Kant about political justice, the global community, and the rights of strangers as one special form of interaction among individuals of divergent societies, political communities, and cultures. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, it covers historical material from a predominantly philosophical perspective, interpreting authors who have tackled problems related to the rights of strangers under the heading of international hospitality. Their analyses of the civitas maxima or the societas humani generis covered the nature of the global commonwealth. Their doctrines of natural law (ius naturae) were supposed to provide what we nowadays call theories of political justice. The focus of the work is on international hospitality as part of the law of nations, on its scope and justification. It follows the political ideas of Francisco de Vitoria and the Second Scholastic in the 16th century, of Alberico Gentili, Hugo Grotius, Samuel Pufendorf, Christian Wolff, Emer de Vattel, Johann Jacob Moser, and Immanuel Kant. It draws attention to the international dimension of political thought in Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, Adam Smith, and others. This is predominantly a study in intellectual history which contextualizes ideas, but also emphasizes their systematic relevance.
Contents
Contents: Foreword; Introduction; The present and the past: Iustitia, cosmopolis and hospitalitas: Issues of international ethics and law; Political and cultural contexts: globalization, modern, postmodern and anti-postmodern confusions; Intellectual history: objectivity, methodology and the dialogical approach; Iustitia: moral minimalism and political justice; Cosmopolis: ancient and medieval foundations; Hospitalitas: interaction, commerce and trade; Vitoria and the Second Scholastic: European colonialism and Amerindian rights; Natural law and human rights; Vitoria's lecture 'On the American Indians'; Vitoria's law of nations as a theory of political justice; The problem of humanitarian intervention; The right of hospitality; An assessment of Vitoria's achievement; The Age of Hugo Grotius: Beyond scepticism: a modern theory of natural rights; Justice or consent?; The 'great society of states' and the law of nations; The ocean as common property and 'the sacrosanct law of hospitality'; The contributions of Francisco Suárez and Alberico Gentili; The Grotian legacy and the origins of modern international law; In the Shadow of Leviathan: Hobbes to Wolff: Hobbes on the state of nature and sovereignty; The domestic analogy; Pufendorf I: the society of states; Pufendorf II: the imperfect right of hos pitality; Wolff: civitas maxima, or the universal commonwealth; Wolff II: international hospitality qualified; Contextualizing theory: state practice and hospitality rights; The Age of Enlightenment: Natural law, history, sociability and commercial society: Pufendorf to Smith; The failure of conquest, agriculture, hospitality and free trade; The attack on and transformation of natural law; La société générale du genre humain: Rousseau on cosmopolitanism, international relations and republican patriotism; The synthesis of natural law and state practice: Vattel and Moser; Kant and the Ius Cosmopoliticum: Revolution and synthesis; Kant's global commonwe
