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Full Description
Now in its Ninth Edition, Abnormal Psychology gives students the opportunity to explore the latest theories and research in our ever-changing search for answers to the complex questions of psychopathology. The authors invite students to search for clues, follow-up on hunches, evaluate evidence, and participate in a process of discovery as they sift through the evidence on the origins of psychopathology and the effectiveness of specific interventions. In the new edition, Davison and Neale welcome new coauthor Ann Kring (University of California, Berkeley), who brings her interest and expertise in emotion and psychopathology, as well as an emphasis on gender, ethnicity, and culture. In addition, new pedagogy and a more open layout make the book more accessible to all students.
Contents
1. Introduction: Historical and Scientific Considerations; What Is Abnormal Behavior?; Statistical Infrequency; Violation of Norms; Personal Distress; Disability or Behavioral Dysfunction; Unexpectedness; History of Psychopathology; Early Demonology; Somatogenesis; The Dark Ages and Demonology; Development of Asylums; The Beginning of Contemporary Thought; Science: A Human Enterprise; Subjectivity in Science: The Role of Paradigms; An Example of Paradigms in Abnormal Psychology; Summary; 2. Current Paradigms in Psychopathology and Therapy; The Biological Paradigm; Contemporary Approaches to the Biological Paradigm; Biological Approaches to Treatment; Evaluating the Biological Paradigm; The Psychoanalytic Paradigm; Classical Psychoanalytic Theory; Neo-Freudian Psychodynamic Perspectives; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Evaluating the Psychoanalytic Paradigm; Carl Rogers' Client-Centered Therapy; Existential Therapy; Gestalt Therapy; Evaluating the Humanistic and Existential Paradigms; Learning Paradigms; The Rise of Behaviorism; Mediational Learning Paradigms; Behavior Therapy; Evaluating Learning Paradigms; The Cognitive Paradigm; The Basics of Cognitive Theory; Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Evaluating the Cognitive Paradigm; Consequences of Adopting a Paradigm; Diathesis-Stress: An Integrative Paradigm; Different Perspectives on a Clinical Problem; Eclecticism in Psychotherapy: Practice Makes Imperfect; Summary; 3. Classification and Diagnosis; Brief History of Classification; Early Efforts at Classification; Development of the WHO and DSM Systems; The Diagnostic System of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV-TR); Five Dimensions of Classification; Diagnostic Categories; Issues in the Classification of Abnormal Behavior; General Criticisms of Classification; The Value of Classification and Diagnosis; Specific Criticisms of Diagnosis; Reliability: The Cornerstone of a Diagnostic System; How Valid Are Diagnostic Categories?; The DSM and Criticisms of Diagnosis; Summary; 4. Clinical Assessment Procedures; Reliability and Validity in Assessment; Reliability; Validity; Psychological Assessment; Clinical Interviews; Psychological Tests; Behavioral and Cognitive Assessment; Biological Assessment; Brain Imaging: "Seeing" the Brain; Neurochemical Assessment; Neuropsychological Assessment; Psychophysiological Assessment; A Cautionary Note; Cultural Diversity and Clinical Assessment; Cultural Bias in Assessment; Strategies for Avoiding Cultural Bias in Assessment; The Consistency and Variability of Behavior; Summary; 5. Research Methods in the Study of Abnormal Behavior; Science and Scientific Methods; Testability and Replicability; The Role of Theory; The Research Methods of Abnormal Psychology; The Case Study; Epidemiological Research; The Correlational Method; The Experiment; Single-Subject Experimental Research; Mixed Designs; Summary; 6. Anxiety Disorders; Phobias; Specific Phobias; Social Phobias; Etiology of Phobias; Therapies for Phobias; Panic Disorder; Etiology of Panic Disorder; Therapies for Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Etiology of Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Therapies for Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Etiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Therapies for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Summary; 7. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders; Somatoform Disorders; Pain Disorder, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, and Hypochondriasis; Conversion Disorder; Somatization Disorder; Etiology of Somatoform Disorders; Therapies for Somatoform Disorders; Dissociative Disorders; Dissociative Amnesia; Dissociative Fugue; Depersonalization Disorder; Dissociative Identity Disorder; Etiology of Dissociative Disorders; Therapies for Dissociative Disorders; Summary; 8. Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology; Stress and Health; Defining the Concept of Stress; Coping and Stress; Efforts to Measure Stress; Assessing Coping; Social Support as a Moderator of the Stress-Illness Link; Theories of the Stress-Illness Link; Biological Theories; Psychological Theories; Cardiovascular Disorders; Essential Hypertension; Coronary Heart Disease; Asthma; Characteristics of Asthma; Etiology of Asthma; AIDS: A Challenge for the Behavioral Sciences; Scope of the Problem; Description of the Disease; Spread of the Disease; Prevention of the Disease; A Cautionary Note on the Role of Knowledge about AIDS in AIDS Prevention; Gender and Health; Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, and Health; Therapies for Psychophysiological Disorders; Treating Hypertension and Reducing CHD Risk; Biofeedback; Reducing Anger and Hostility, Depression, and Social Isolation; Stress Management; The Management of Pain; Summary; 9. Eating Disorders; Clinical Description; Anorexia Nervosa; Bulimia Nervosa; Binge Eating Disorder; Etiology of Eating Disorders; Biological Factors; Sociocultural Influences; Psychodynamic Views; Personality and Eating Disorders; Characteristics of Families; Child Abuse and Eating Disorders; Cognitive-Behavioral Views; Treatment of Eating Disorders; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa; Psychological Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa; Summary; 10. Mood Disorders; General Characteristics of Mood Disorders; Depression Signs and Symptoms; Mania Signs and Symptoms; Formal Diagnostic Listings of Mood Disorders; Heterogeneity within the Categories; Chronic Mood Disorders; Mood Disorders and Creativity; Mood Disorders and Emotion; Psychological Theories of Mood Disorders; Psychoanalytic Theory of Depression; Cognitive Theories of Depression; Interpersonal Theory of Depression; Psychological Theories of Bipolar Disorder; Biological Theories of Mood Disorders; The Genetic Data; Neurochemistry and Mood Disorders; The Neuroendocrine System; An Integrated Theory of Bipolar Disorder; Therapies for Mood Disorders; Psychological Therapies for Depression; Psychological Therapies for Bipolar Disorder; Final Comment on Psychological Therapies; Biological Therapies of Mood Disorders; Depression in Childhood and Adolescence; Symptoms and Prevalence of Childhood and Adolescent Depression; Etiology of Depression in Childhood and Adolescence; Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Depression; Suicide; Facts about Suicide; Perspectives on Suicide; Prediction of Suicide from Psychological Tests; Preventing Suicide; Clinical and Ethical Issues in Dealing with Suicide; Concluding Comment; Summary; 11. Schizophrenia; Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia; Positive Symptoms; Negative Symptoms; Disorganized Symptoms; Other Symptoms; History of the Concept of Schizophrenia; Early Descriptions; The Broadened U.S. Concept; The DSM-IV-TR Diagnosis; Categories of Schizophrenia in DSM-IV-TR; Etiology of Schizophrenia; The Genetic Data; Biochemical Factors; The Brain and Schizophrenia; Psychological Stress and Schizophrenia; Developmental Studies of Schizophrenia; Therapies for Schizophrenia; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatments; Case Management; General Trends in Treatment; Ongoing Issues in the Care of Patients with Schizophrenia; Summary; 12. Substance-Related Disorders; Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Prevalence of Alcohol Abuse and Comorbidity with Other Disorders; Course of the Disorder; Costs of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Short-Term Effects of Alcohol; Long-Term Effects of Prolonged Alcohol Abuse; Nicotine and Cigarette Smoking; Prevalence and Health Consequences; Consequences of Secondhand Smoke; Marijuana; Prevalence of Marijuana Use; Effects of Marijuana; Sedatives and Stimulants; Sedatives; Stimulants; LSD and Other Hallucinogens; Etiology of Substance Abuse and Dependence; Sociocultural Variables; Psychological Variables; Biological Variables; Therapy for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Admitting the Problem; Traditional Hospital Treatment; Biological Treatments; Alcoholics Anonymous; Couples and Family Therapy; Cognitive and Behavioral Treatments; Clinical Considerations in Treating Alcohol Abuse; Treatment for the Use of Illicit Drugs; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatments; Treatment of Cigarette Smoking; Psychological Treatments; Biological Treatments; Relapse Prevention; Prevention of Substance Abuse; Summary; 13. Personality Disorders; Classifying Personality Disorders: Clusters, Categories, and Problems; Odd/Eccentric Cluster; Paranoid Personality Disorder; Schizoid Personality Disorder; Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster; Dramatic/Erratic Cluster; Borderline Personality Disorder; Histrionic Personality Disorder; Narcissistic Personality Disorder; Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy; Anxious/Fearful Cluster; Avoidant Personality Disorder; Dependent Personality Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder; Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster; Therapies for Personality Disorders; Therapy for the Borderline Personality; From Disorder to Style: A Comment on Goals; Therapy for Psychopathy; Summary; 14. Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders; Gender Identity Disorder; Characteristics of Gender Identity Disorder; Causes of Gender Identity Disorder; Therapies for Gender Identity Disorder; The Paraphilias; Fetishism; Transvestic Fetishism; Pedophilia and Incest; Voyeurism; Exhibitionism; Frotteurism; Sexual Sadism and Sexual Masochism; Etiology of the Paraphilias; Therapies for the Paraphilias; Rape; The Crime; The Victim, the Attack, and the Aftermath; The Rapist; Therapy for Rapists and Rape Victims; Sexual Dysfunctions; Sexual Dysfunctions and the Human Sexual Response Cycle; Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions; General Theories of Sexual Dysfunctions; Therapies for Sexual Dysfunctions; Summary; 15. Disorders of Childhood; Classification of Childhood Disorders; Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; Biological Theories of ADHD; Psychological Theories of ADHD; Treatment of ADHD; Conduct Disorder; Etiological and Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder; Treatment of Conduct Disorder; Learning Disabilities; Learning Disorders; Communication Disorders; Motor Skills Disorders; Etiology of Learning Disabilities; Treatment of Learning Disabilities; Mental Retardation; Traditional Criteria for Mental Retardation; Classification of Mental Retardation; The Approach of the American Association of Mental Retardation; Etiology of Mental Retardation; Prevention and Treatment of Mental Retardation; Autistic Disorder; Characteristics of Autistic Disorder; Etiology of Autistic Disorder; Treatment of Autistic Disorder; Summary; 16. Aging and Psychological Disorders; Issues, Concepts, and Methods in the Study of Older Adults; Diversity in Older Adults; Age, Cohort, and Time-of-Measurement Effects; Diagnosing Psychopathology in Later Life; Range of Problems; Old Age and Brain Disorders; Dementia; Delirium; Old Age and Psychological Disorders; Overall Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Late Life; Depression; Anxiety Disorders; Delusional (Paranoid) Disorders; Schizophrenia; Substance-Related Disorders; Hypochondriasis; Sleep Disorders; Suicide; Sexuality and Aging; Treatment and Care of Older Adults; Nursing Homes; Alternative Living Settings; Community-Based Care; Issues Specific to Therapy with Older Adults; Content of Therapy; Process of Therapy; Summary; 17. Outcomes and Issues in Psychological Intervention; General Issues in Evaluating Psychotherapy Research; The Use of Therapy Manuals in Randomized Clinical Trials; The Role of the Therapist; Some Limitations of Randomized Clinical Trials; Aligning Practice with Research; The Challenge of Managed Care; Stepped Care; Review of Psychoanalytic Therapies; Basic Concepts and Techniques in Classical Psychoanalysis and Its Variations; Evaluation of Classical Psychoanalysis; Evaluation of Brief Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Therapies; Review of Client-Centered Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Client-Centered Therapy; Evaluation of Client-Centered Therapy; Review of Gestalt Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Gestalt Therapy; Evaluation of Gestalt Therapy; Review of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Evaluation of Counterconditioning and Exposure Methods; Evaluation of Operant Methods; Evaluation of Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Generalization and Maintenance of Treatment Effects in Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Some Basic Issues in Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy; Review of Couples and Family Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques in Couples and Family Therapy; Evaluation of Couples and Family Therapy; Review of Community Psychology; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Community Psychology; Evaluation of Community Psychology; Political and Ethical Factors in Community Psychology; Psychotherapy Integration; Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy: A Rapprochement?; Eclecticism and Theoretical Integration in Psychotherapy; Arguments against Premature Integration; Cultural and Racial Factors in Psychological Intervention; African Americans and Psychological Intervention; Latinos and Psychological Intervention; Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and Psychological Intervention; American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Psychological Intervention; Toward a More Complete Science of Behavior; Summary; 18. Legal and Ethical Issues; Criminal Commitment; The Insanity Defense; Competency to Stand Trial; Insanity, Mental Retardation, and Capital Punishment; Civil Commitment; Preventive Detention and Problems in the Prediction of Dangerousness; Recent Trends toward Greater Protection; Deinstitutionalization, Civil Liberties, and Mental Health; Ethical Dilemmas in Therapy and Research; Ethical Restraints on Research; Informed Consent; Confidentiality and Privileged Communication; Who Is the Client or Patient?; Choice of Goals; Choice of Techniques; The Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Recovered Memories; Concluding Comment; Summary; Glossary; References; Quotation & Illustration Credits; Photo Credits; Name Index; Subject Index.
