- ホーム
- > 洋書
Full Description
Agenda Relevance is the first volume in the authors' omnibus investigation ofthe logic of practical reasoning, under the collective title, A Practical Logicof Cognitive Systems. In this highly original approach, practical reasoning isidentified as reasoning performed with comparatively few cognitive assets,including resources such as information, time and computational capacity. Unlikewhat is proposed in optimization models of human cognition, a practical reasonerlacks perfect information, boundless time and unconstrained access tocomputational complexity. The practical reasoner is therefore obliged to be acognitive economizer and to achieve his cognitive ends with considerableefficiency. Accordingly, the practical reasoner avails himself of variousscarce-resource compensation strategies. He also possesses neurocognitivetraits that abet him in his reasoning tasks. Prominent among these is thepractical agent's striking (though not perfect) adeptness at evading irrelevantinformation and staying on task. On the approach taken here, irrelevancies areimpediments to the attainment of cognitive ends. Thus, in its most basic sense,relevant information is cognitively helpful information. Information can then besaid to be relevant for a practical reasoner to the extent that it advances orcloses some cognitive agenda of his. The book explores this idea with aconceptual detail and nuance not seen the standard semantic, probabilistic andpragmatic approaches to relevance; but wherever possible, the authors seek tointegrate alternative conceptions rather than reject them outright. A furtherattraction of the agenda-relevance approach is the extent to which its principalconceptual findings lend themselves to technically sophisticated re-expressionin formal models that marshal the resources of time and action logics andlabel led deductive systems.Agenda Relevance is necessary reading for researchers in logic, beliefdynamics, computer science, AI, psychology and neuroscience, linguistics,argumentation theory, and legal reasoning and forensic science, and will repaystudy by graduate students and senior undergraduates in these same fields.Key features:* relevance * action and agendas * practical reasoning * belief dynamics * non-classical logics * labelled deductive systems
Contents
Preface.I. Logic.1. Introduction2. Practical Logic 2.1 PLCS and Cognitive Systems 2.2 Practical Reasoning 2.3 Practical Agency 2.4 Practical Logics 2.4.1 The Method of Intuitions 2.5 Allied Disciplines 2.6 Psychologism 2.6.1 Issues in Cognitive Science3. Logical Agents 3.1 Heuristics and Limitations 3.2 Three Problems 3.2.1 The Complexity Problem 3.2.2 The Approximation Problem 3.2.3 The Consequence Problem 3.2.4 Truth Conditions, Rules and State Conditions 3.2.5 Rules Redux 3.2.6 Logics for Down Below4. Formal Pragmatics 4.1 Pragmatics 4.2 Theoretical Recalcitrance 4.3 AnalysisII. Conceptual Models for Relevance5. Propositional Relevance 5.1 Introductory Remark 5.2 Propositional Relevance 5.3 Legal Relevance 5.4 Topical Relevance 5.5 Topical Relevance and Computation 5.6 Targets for a Theory of Relevance 5.7 Freeman and Cohen 5.7.1 Freeman 5.7.2 Cohen6. Contextual Effects 6.1 Introductory Remarks 6.2 Contextual Effects 6.3 In The Head 6.4 Inconsistency Management 6.4.1 Bounded Rationality 6.5 Is Inconsistency Pervasive? 6.5.1 A Case in Point: Mechanizing Cognition 6.6 Further Difficulties 6.7 Reclaiming SW-Relevance? 6.8 The Grice Condition 6.8.1 Relevance To and For7. Agenda Relevance 7.1 Adequacy Conditions 7.2 The Basic Idea 7.2.1 Causality 7.3 Belief 7.4 Corroboration 7.5 Probability 7.6 Agendas: A First Pass 7.7 Cognitive Agency 7.8 Propositional Relevance Revisited8. Agendas 8.1 Plans 8.2 Representation 8.3 Agendas Again 8.3.1 Agendas: Transparent and Tacit 8.4 MEM and KARO-agendas 8.4.1 MEM Agendas 8.5 A Formal Interlude9. Adequacy Conditions Fulfilled? 9.1 Subjective Relevance 9.2 Meta-agendas 9.3 Comparative Relevance 9.4 Hyper-relevance 9.5 Hunches 9.6 Misinformation 9.7 Dialectical Relevance 9.7.1 Fallacies of Relevance 9.8 Semantic Distribution 9.9 Relevant Logic, Pittsburgh Style 9.10 Revision and Update 9.11 The Relevant Thing10. Objective Relevance 10.1 Normative Theories 10.2 Relevance Naturalized? 10.2.1 Reflective Equilibrium 10.3 Objective Relevance 10.4 Modularity 10.5 Inference 10.6 Reconsidering Normative Relevance 10.7 Schizophrenia 10.8 RepriseIII. Formal Models for Relevance11. A Logic for Agenda Relevance 11.1 Conceptual Analysis 11.1.1 Complexity, Approximation and Consequence 11.2 Formalization 11.3 Overview of the Model 11.4 How to Proceed 11.4.1 Bidirectional Coverage and Fit12. A General Theory of Logical Systems 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Logical Systems 12.3 Examples of Logical Systems 12.4 Refining the Notion of a Logical System 12.4.1 Structured Consequence 12.4.2 Algorithmic Structured Consequence Relation 12.4.3 Mechanisms 12.4.4 Modes of Evaluation 12.4.5 TAR-Logics (Time, Action and Revision)13. Labelled Deductive Systems 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Labelled Deduction 13.2.1 Labelled Deduction Rules 13.2.2 Non-classical Use of Labels 13.2.3 The Theory of Labelled Deductive Systems 13.2.4 Hunches and Guesses 13.2.5 Contextual Effects14. Relevance Logics 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Anderson--Belnap Relevant Logic 14.3 Formulation of AB Relevance 14.4 Properties of the Goal Directed Formulation 14.5 Deductive Relevance 14.6 The Cut Rule for Deductive Relevance15. Formal Model of Agenda Relevance 15.1 Introduction 15.2 The Simple Agenda Model 15.3 Intermediate Agenda Model 15.4 Case Studies16. Conclusion 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Quantification 16.3 Some Tail EndsBibliography Index
