基本説明
Focuses on how anthropologists can define and use indigenous knowledge in situations where it must meet the demands of development while not compromising anthropological exectations.
Full Description
Development has too often failed to deliver on its promises to poor nations. The policies imposed from above by international agencies and state bodies have frequently not met the needs and aspirations of ordinary people. Development agencies have been searching for sometime for alternative approaches. One of those being pioneered is 'indigenous knowledge', which aims to make local voices heard more effectively. However while it is increasingly acknowledged in development contexts, it is yet to be validated and accepted by anthropologists. It is self-evident to any anthropologist that effective development assistance will benefit from some understanding of local knowledge and practices. This therefore puts anthropology and anthropologists at the centre of development. This volume focuses on two major issues that anthropology might profitably address. First of all how to define indigenous knowledge and who should define it as it currently lacks disciplinary coherence. Secondly once this definition is achieved what methodologies should be used in such an interdisciplinary research endeavour when it must meet the demands of development (cost- and time-effective, intelligible to non-experts) while not compromising anthropological expectations. The new opportunities and their methodological implications are addressed in the chapters of this book in a range of ethnographic and institutional contexts and demonstrate how wide-reaching and how crucially important this debate has become. Participating in Development is a thought provoking and challenge collection. Its authors both define and validate the role of the anthropologist in development as well of development in anthropology.
Contents
1. Participant observation to participatory development: making anthropology work Paul Sillitoe 2. Upsetting the sacred balance: can the study of indigenous knowledge reflect cosmic connectedness? Darrell Posey 3. Beyond the cognitive paradigm: majority knowledges and local discourses in a non-Western donor society John Clammer 4. Ethnotheory, ethnopraxis: ethnodevelopment in the Oromia regional state of Ethiopia Aneesa Kassam 5. Canadian First Nations' experiences with international development Peter Croal and Wes Darou 6. Globalizing indigenous knowledge Paul Sillitoe 7. Negotiating with knowledge at development interfaces: anthropology and the quest for participation Michael Schonhuth 8. Indigenous knowledge, power and parity: models of knowledge integration Trevor Purcell and Elizabeth Akinyi Onjoro 9. Interdisciplinary research and GIS: why local and indigenous knowledge is discounted John Campbell 10. Indigenous and scientific knowledge of plant breeding: similarities, differences and implications for collaboration David Cleveland and Daniela Soleri 11. 'Deja vu, all over again', again: reinvention and progress in applying local knowledge to development Roy Ellen
