デカルトの心の理論<br>Descartes's Theory of Mind

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デカルトの心の理論
Descartes's Theory of Mind

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  • 製本 Hardcover:ハードカバー版／ページ数 276 p.
  • 言語 ENG
  • 商品コード 9780199261239
  • DDC分類 194

基本説明

Offers a radical and convincing rereading, undoing the received perception of Descartes as the chief defender of mind/body dualism.

Full Description

Descartes is commonly read as the paradigm defender of substance dualism, a theory caricatured by Ryle as the 'dogma of the ghost in the machine'. On this reading, mind and body are defined in such a way that they have no common properties that might help explain how they interact, and it is therefore impossible to provide any account of precisely those features of human experience that this 'theory' was meant to explain. Thus Descartes proposed an obvious dead-end and almost any beginner in philosophy can diagnose where he went wrong.

Apart from its intrinsic implausibility, Desmond Clarke offers good reasons for thinking that this cannot have been Descartes's view. Descartes was an unrelenting critic of what Scholastics called 'substantial forms'. One cannot explain how we succed in thinking by saying, simply, that we have a thinking faculty. Cartesian objections to forms apply equally to substances. Descartes also argued that we know nothing about substances apart from their properties, so that substances are not available as independent explanatory entities. Finally, Descartes's own efforts to explain sensations, memory, imagination or the passions all involve rather speculative accounts of how the brain and the central nervous system work.

Clarke's compelling and important new reading shows that a failure to engage with Descartes's scientific work leads to a wholesale misunderstanding of his theory of mind. It will be of great interest to scholars and students of Descartes, and throughout the philosophies of mind and science.

Contents

Introduction ; 1. Cartesian Explanation ; 2. Sensation: Ideas as Brain Patterns ; 3. Imagination and Memory ; 4. Passions of the Soul ; 5. The Will as a Power of Self-Determination ; 6. Human Language ; 7. Describing Thought: The Subjective View ; 8. Descartes's Use of the Concept of Substance ; 9. Property Dualism ; References ; Index