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Full Description
The last book by Professor Charles A. Long The Wild Mammals of WisconsinA" is a comprehensive treatise on mammals found in Wisconsin, updating information on classification, identification, geography and other concepts of their biology. These include ecology (and status), habitats (including dens and nests), reproduction (both development and aging), and estimates of home range, movements, and density (with seasonality whenever possible). Geographic and micro-geographic variation of races and species are described, based on thousands of preserved specimens, many listed as essential specimens examined. The analysis also includes Upper Michigan, northern Illinois, and occasionally even eastern Minnesota. The problem of appropriate names is discussed, with fair attention to diverse opinions. Taxonomic synonymies include original names, invalid homonyms and synonyms that have been used, and the names deemed acceptable. The phylogeny of higher taxonomic groups, such as families and orders, provide curious histories and adaptations. Pre-historic and exterminated mammals are described, including the discovery of an elk-moose.Modern concepts, such as evolution and speciation and the biome concept are introduced. Genetics, physiology, animal diseases, relation of hosts to humanity, ecological succession, and zoogeography are discussed. An especially appealing section on former naturalists who studied Wisconsin mammals includes some surprises: John Muir, Henry David Thoreau, Aldo Leopold, Hartley H. T. Jackson, and the first woman mammalogist - Martha Maxwell of Portage. Detailed accounts are given for 69 species (not counting the few now exterminated), in 17 families and seven orders. A glossary, four appendices, and a magnificent bibliography are at the end. Countless illustrations include grand wildlife artists of past and present. To quote Long: All together we hope to express tribute to nature, and wildlife poetry and art.A"
Contents
PREFACE 7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 9 INTRODUCTION 11 THE WILD MAMMAL FAUNA 11 21 COUNTIES AND TYPE LOCALITIES 22 EARLY MAMMALOGY AND NOW 25 ENVIRONMENTS GLACIATIONS 32 CLIMATE 33 PHYSIOGRAPHY 34 SOILS 36 COMMUNITIES 38 MICROHABITATS 41 ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION AND LAND USE 43 ZOOGEOGRAPHY 47 GENERA, SPECIES AND RACES 68 OPOSSUM (ORDER MARSUPIALIA) 68 INSECTIVORES (ORDER INSECTIVORA) 75 MOLES (TALPIDAE) 76 SHREWS (SORICIDAE) 84 BATS (ORDER CHIROPTERA) 108 HARES AND RABBIT (ORDER LAGOMORPHA) 143 RODENTS (ORDER RODENTIA) 155 WOODCHUCK, CHIPMUNKS, GROUND, RED, GRAY, FOX AND FLYING SQUIRRELS (SCIURIDAE) 156 NORTH AMERICAN BEAVER (CASTORIDAE) 220 POCKET GOPHER (GEOMYIDAE) 229 MURID MICE AND RATS (MURIDAE) 235 JUMPING MICE (ZAPODIDAE) 304 NORTH AMERICAN PORCUPINE (ERETHIZONTIDAE) 315 CARNIVORES (ORDER CARNIVORA) 321 COYOTE, WOLF, AND FOXES (CANIDAE) 321 BLACK BEAR (URSIDAE) 351 RACCOON (PROCYONIDAE) 359 MARTENS, WEASELS, MINK, SKUNKS, RIVER OTTER, NORTH AMERICAN BADGER (MUSTELIDAE) 366 CATS (FELIDAE) 427 DEER (ORDER ARTIODACTYLA) 438 WHITETAIL, MOOSE (CERVIDAE) 439 GLOSSARY 453 LITERATURE CITED AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 461 APPENDIX A. Longevities of Some Mammals That Occur in Wisconsin 528 APPENDIX B. English and Metric Measurements 529 APPENDIX C. Preparation of the Mammal Study Skin with Label and Skull 530
