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基本説明
This textbook provides a new treatment of the fundamentals of energy science, technology, and policy implications.
Full Description
Renewable energy has great significance for the world's future, given the environmental issues related to energy generation and energy's importance in our society. Making wise energy choices is not easy, however. It involves balanced consideration of economic, environmental, technical, political, and other perspectives to weigh the relative costs and benefits for a host of possible technologies. Renewable Energy: A First Course is an accessible textbook for science and engineering students who want a well-balanced introduction to the science, technologies, economics, and policies related to energy choices.How Does Renewable Energy Work? Science, Technologies, Economics, and Key Policy IssuesThe book delves into all forms of renewable energy, from biofuels and geothermal energy to wind, hydro, and solar power. It also discusses nuclear power and fossil fuels, allowing readers to compare and evaluate the advantages and shortcomings of renewable energy. In addition, the book explores four overarching topics that go beyond a specific type of energy, namely, energy conservation, energy storage, energy transmission, and energy policy, and examines the important issue of climate change.A Broad Introduction for Science and Engineering StudentsRequiring only a basic background in physics and calculus, the book avoids technical jargon and advanced mathematical approaches to focus on the basic principles of renewable energy. Throughout, a wealth of illustrations and real-world examples make the concepts more concrete. Designed for a one- or two-semester course, this book takes a broad approach that addresses the need for diversity in any nation's energy portfolio.
Contents
IntroductionWhy Another Book on Energy?Why Is Energy So Important to Society?Exactly What Is Energy?Might There Be Some New Forms of Energy Not Yet Known?What Are the Units of Energy?Laws of ThermodynamicsWhat Is an Energy Source?What Exactly Is the World's Energy Problem?How Is Green or Renewable Energy Defined?Why Has Renewable Energy and Conservation Been Neglected Until Fairly Recently?Does Energy Efficiency Really Matter?Which Renewable Energy Sources Hold the Greatest Promise?Who Are the World Leaders in Renewable Energy?What Is Our Likely Energy Future?Complexities in Charting the Best Course for the FutureSummaryProblemsReferencesFossil FuelsIntroductionCoalPetroleum and Natural GasSummaryProblemsReferencesNuclear Power: Basic ScienceIntroductionEarly YearsDiscovery of the Atomic NucleusMathematical Details of the Rutherford Scattering ExperimentComposition and Structure of the Atom and Its NucleusNuclear RadiiNuclear ForcesIonizing Radiation and Nuclear TransformationsNuclear Mass and EnergyNuclear Binding EnergyEnergy Released in Nuclear FusionMechanics of Nuclear FissionMechanics of Nuclear FusionRadioactive Decay LawHealth PhysicsRadiation DetectorsRadiation SourcesImpacts of Radiation on HumansSummaryProblemsReferencesNuclear Power: TechnologyIntroductionEarly HistoryCritical MassNuclear Weapons and Nuclear ProliferationWorld's First Nuclear ReactorNuclear Reactors of Generations I and IIExisting Reactor TypesReactor AccidentsFront End of the Fuel Cycle: Obtaining the Raw MaterialBack End of the Fuel Cycle: Nuclear WasteEconomics of Large-Scale Nuclear PowerSmall Modular ReactorsNuclear Fusion ReactorsSummaryProblemsReferencesBiofuelsIntroductionPhotosynthesisBiofuel ClassificationsOther Uses of Biofuels and Social-Environmental ImpactsArtificial PhotosynthesisSummaryProblemsReferencesGeothermal EnergyIntroduction and Why Geothermal Is ImportantGeophysics of the Earth's InteriorThermal GradientCharacterization and RelativeAbundance of the ResourceGeothermal Electricity Power PlantsResidential and Commercial Geothermal HeatingSustainability of GeothermalEnvironmental ImpactsEconomics of Geothermal ElectricitySummaryProblemsReferencesWind PowerIntroduction and Historical UsesWind Characteristics and ResourcesPower Transfer to a TurbineTurbine Types and TermsControlling and Optimizing Wind Turbine PerformanceElectrical Aspects and Grid IntegrationSmall WindOffshore WindEnvironmental ImpactsUnusual Designs and ApplicationsProblemsReferencesHydropowerIntroduction to HydropowerWave, Tidal, and Ocean Thermal Power ResourcesIntroduction to Tidal Power and the Cause of the TidesOcean Thermal Energy ConversionSocial and Environmental Impacts of HydropowerSummaryProblemsReferencesSolar Radiation and Earth's ClimateIntroductionElectromagnetic RadiationTypes of SpectraApparent Motion of the Sun in the SkyAvailability of Solar Radiation on EarthOptimum Collector Orientation and TiltGreenhouse EffectSummaryProblemsReferencesSolar ThermalIntroductionSolar Water-Heating SystemsFlat-Plate CollectorsEvacuated CollectorsCollector and System EfficiencyThermal Losses in PipesWater Tanks and Thermal CapacitancePassive Solar Hot Water SystemSwimming Pool HeatingSpace Heating and CoolingThree Applications Well Suited to Developing NationsElectricity GenerationSummaryAppendix: Four Heat Transfer MechanismsProblemsReferencesPhotovoltaicsIntroductionConductors, Insulators, and SemiconductorsIncreasing the Conductivity of Semiconductors through Dopingpn JunctionGeneric Photovoltaic CellElectrical Properties of a Solar CellEfficiency of Solar Cells and Solar SystemsEfficiency of Solar SystemsGrid Connection and InvertersOther Types of Solar CellsEnvironmental IssuesSummaryAppendix: Basic Quantum Mechanics and the Formation of Energy BandsProblemsReferencesEnergy Conservation and EfficiencyIntroductionFactors Besides Efficiency Influencing Energy-Related ChoicesLowest of the Low Hanging FruitObstacles to Efficiency and ConservationIs Energy Efficiency and Conservation Ultimately Futile?SummaryProblemsReferencesEnergy Storage and TransmissionEnergy StorageEnergy TransmissionSummaryProblemsReferencesClimate and Energy: Policy, Politics, and Public OpinionHow Important Are International Agreements?What Are the Top-Three GHG Emitters Doing?How Much Time Does the World Have to Move Away from Fossil Fuels?How Has Public Opinion Evolved?Best Way Forward?SummarySome Concluding ThoughtsProblemsReferencesAppendix: Answers to Even-Numbered ProblemsIndex
