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Full Description
This book provides a micro-historical analysis of the emergence and contemporary dynamics of recent ethnic sub-nationalist insurgencies in South Asia. Using comparative case studies, it discusses the causes of each insurgency, analyses the trajectory and dynamics of each including attempts at resolution, and highlights the wider theories of ethno-nationalist insurgency and mobilization.
Bringing together an international group of contributors, the book covers insurgencies in India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. It questions why ethnic sub-nationalist insurgencies occurred at particular points in time and not at others, and explores the comparative trajectories of these movements. The book goes on to discern reappearing patterns of conflict escalation/de-escalation through the method of comparative process-tracing. It argues that while identity is a necessary factor for insurgency, it is not a sufficient one. Instead, ethnic mobilization and insurgency only emerge when it is activated by tension emerging from political competition between ethnic and central state elites. These elite-led dynamics, when combined with favourable socio-economic and political conditions, make the ethnic masses primed to accept the often symbolically-rich appeals from their leaders to mobilize against the central state.
Providing an important study on ethno-nationalist insurgencies in South Asia, the book will be of interest to those working in the fields of South Asian Politics, Security Studies and Ethnic Conflict.
Contents
1. Ethnic Subnationalist Insurgencies in Contemporary South Asia: An Introduction 2. The Kashmir Insurgency: Multiple Actors, Divergent Interests, Institutionalized Conflict 3. The Political Economy and Changing Organizational Dynamics of the ULFA Insurgency in Assam 4. The Khalistan Movement in Punjab, India and the Post-Militancy Era: Structural Change and New Political Compulsions 5. Insurgencies of Northeast India: Ethnic/Tribal Competition, State Responses, and Underdevelopment 6. The LTTE and Tamil Insurgency in Sri Lanka: Political/Cultural Grievance, Unsuccessful Negotiations, and Organizational Evolution 7. Renewed Ethnonationalist Insurgency in Balochistan, Pakistan: The Militarized State and Continuing Economic Deprivation 8. Conflict in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: An Unimplemented Accord and Continued Violence 9. The Naxalites of India, Maoists of Nepal, and Taliban of Pakistan: Ideological Insurgencies in South Asia 10. Ethnic Subnationalist Insurgencies in Contemporary South Asia: A Conclusion
