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Ghetto, forced labor camp, concentration camp: All of the elements of the National Socialists' policies of annihilation were to be found in Riga. This first analysis of the Riga ghetto and the nearby camps of Salaspils and Jungfernhof addresses all aspects of German occupation policy during the Second World War. Drawing upon a broad array of sources that includes previously inaccessible Soviet archives, postwar criminal investigations, and trial records of alleged perpetrators, and the records of the Society of Survivors of the Riga Ghetto, the authors have produced an in-depth study of the Riga ghetto that never loses sight of the Latvian capital's place within the overall design of Nazi policy and the all-of-Europe dimension of the Holocaust.
Contents
List of Illustrations
Chart I
Chart II
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
Chapter 1. Latvia Caught between Two Dictatorships
Chapter 2. Operation Barbarossa: Preparations for the German Attack on the Soviet Union
Chapter 3. From the Pogroms to the Establishment of the Ghetto
Chapter 4. Securing German Rule in Occupied Riga: The Period of the Large Ghetto for Latvian Jews
Chapter 5. Murder on a Massive Scale: The Murder of the Ghetto's Latvian Jews
Chapter 6. In Search of Territories for the "Final Solution": The Road to Riga as a Final Destination for Deportations
Chapter 7. Plans for the Salaspils Camp
Chapter 8. The Deportation of German Jews to Riga
Chapter 9. The Salaspils Camp: A Detention Center with Many Functions
Chapter 10. German Jews Build Salaspils: December 1941-August 1942
Excursus I: SS Major Rudolf Lange and the Wannsee Conference
Chapter 11. The Latvian Labor Market and the Compulsory Deployment of Jews in Riga
Chapter 12. The Utilization of Jewish Assets and the Issue of Ghetto Administration
Chapter 13. Ghetto Life and Forced Labor in Riga in the Spring of 1942
Chapter 14. The Turning Point: Operation Dünamünde at Jungfernhof and in the "Ghetto for Reich Jews"
Chapter 15. Forced Labor and Annihilation in County Commissariat Riga City
Chapter 16. Failed Resistance: The Tin Square Operation, October 1942
Chapter 17. Annihilation Instead of Forced Labor: Himmler's Struggle against Production Constraints and Armaments Interests in General Commissariat Latvia
Chapter 18. Concentration Camp Kaiserwald and the Barrackings
Excursus II: SS Second Lieutenant Fritz Scherwitz, The Commander at Lenta: A Biographical Sketch
Chapter 19. The Decommissioning of Concentration Camp Kaiserwald, Evacuation, and Liberation
Chapter 20. A New Start and the Search for Justice
Chapter 21. Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
