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Full Description
In the second half of the twentieth century France played the greatest role - even greater than Germany's - in shaping what eventually became the European Union. By the early twenty-first century, however, in a hugely transformed Europe, this era had patently come to an end. This comprehensive history shows how France coupled the pursuit of power and the furtherance of European integration over a sixty-year period, from the close of the Second World War to the hesitation caused by the French electorate's referendum rejection of the European Union's constitutional treaty in 2005.
Contents
Preface
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Introduction: De Gaulle's Shadow
PART I: THE POST-WAR ASSERTION OF LEADERSHIP IN CONTINENTAL WESTERN EUROPE
Chapter 1. Before the Schuman Plan
Earlier Calls for European Union
The Quest for Security and the Onset of the Cold War
Western European Economic and Political Cooperation
Wariness about the New West Germany
Chapter 2. Pooling Coal and Steel
The Monnet Initiative
The Schuman Declaration
Forging the ECSC Treaty
Ratification and Implementation
Chapter 3. German Rearmament and Military Security
The Pleven Plan
The Rejection of the EDC Treaty
The Paris Accords
The Suez Crisis and its Aftermath
Chapter 4. The Gaullist Vision of the Atlantic Alliance and European Union
Adenauer, the US, and the Berlin Crisis
The Failure of the Fouchet Committee
A Rose and a Rose Garden
'Tous Azimuts' and the Limits of Détente
PART II: THE COMMON MARKET AND THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
Chapter 5. The Benelux Initiative and the Formation of the Common Market
Messina to Venice
Negotiating the EEC and Euratom
De Gaulle's 'Practising the Common Market'
Securing Agricultural Interests
Chapter 6. Moving from Dirigisme to Qualified Economic Liberalism
The Watering Down of Post-war Dirigisme
Delors and the Single Market
The Reorientation of Foreign Trade
Globalisation and French Hesitations
PART III: PRESERVING POWER AND SECURITY AFTER DE GAULLE
Chapter 7. European Political Integration up to the Cold War's Close
The Rapprochement with Albion
Echoes of the Fouchet Proposals
America's 'Year of Europe' and the Atlantic Alliance
Back to the Elysée Treaty
Chapter 8. Opposition to German Monetary Hegemony
The Death of the Bretton Woods System
The Deutsche Mark as Anchor Currency
The EMS and its Ambivalent Design
The Dictates of the ERM and French Dissatisfaction
Chapter 9. Geopolitical Upheaval and the Maastricht Treaty
Monetary Union Proposed from Paris and Bonn
France and the Fall of the Berlin Wall
The Drive for German Unification
Providing a Treaty for European Union
Chapter 10. Post-Yalta and Post-Maastricht Europe
Implementing EMU and 'La Pensée Unique'
The Yugoslav Imbroglio
Rethinking Security and Defence
The European Union and the Other Europe
Epilogue
Bibliography
Index
