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基本説明
New in paperback. Hardcover was published in 1990. Tells us how it is possible to reform and interpret regulatory measures in a way that will protect freedom and welfare while remaining faithful to constitutional commitments.
Full Description
In the twentieth century, American society has experienced a "rights revolution": a commitment by the national government to promote a healthful environment, safe products, freedom from discrimination, and other rights unknown to the founding generation. This development has profoundly affected constitutional democracy by skewing the original understanding of checks and balances, federalism, and individual rights. Cass Sunstein tells us how it is possible to interpret and reform this regulatory state regime in a way that will enhance freedom and welfare while remaining faithful to constitutional commitments.
Sunstein vigorously defends government regulation against Reaganite/Thatcherite attacks based on free-market economics and pre-New Deal principles of private right. Focusing on the important interests in clean air and water, a safe workplace, access to the air waves, and protection against discrimination, he shows that regulatory initiatives have proved far superior to an approach that relies solely on private enterprise. Sunstein grants that some regulatory regimes have failed and calls for reforms that would amount to an American perestroika: a restructuring that embraces the use of government to further democratic goals but that insists on the decentralization and productive potential of private markets.
Sunstein also proposes a theory of interpretation that courts and administrative agencies could use to secure constitutional goals and to improve the operation of regulatory programs. From this theory he seeks to develop a set of principles that would synthesize the modern regulatory state with the basic premises of the American constitutional system. Teachers of law, policymakers and political scientists, economists and historians, and a general audience interested in rights, regulation, and government will find this book an essential addition to their libraries.
Contents
Introduction Regulation and Interpretation The Anachronistic Legal Culture 1. Why Regulation? A Historical Overview Public and Private Ordering 2. The Functions of Regulatory Statutes Market Failures Public-Interested Redistribution Collective Desires and Aspirations Diverse Experiences and Preference Formation Social Subordination Endogenous Preferences Irreversibility, Future Generations, Animals, and Nature Interest-Group Transfers and "Rent-Seeking" The Problem of Categorization 3. How Regulation Fails Failures in the Original Statute Implementation Failure Linking Statutory Function to Statutory Failure Paradoxes of the Regulatory State--and Reform 4. Courts, Interpretation, and Norms Flawed Approaches to Statutory Interpretation Interpretive Principles An Alternative Method 5. Interpretive Principles for the Regulatory State The Principles Priority and Harmonization Fissures in the Interpretive Community The Postcanonical Legal Universe 6. Applications, the New Deal, and Statutory Construction Particulars The New Deal and Statutory Construction Conclusion The Constitution of the Regulatory State--and Its Reform Interpreting the Regulatory State Appendix A. Interpretive Principles Appendix B. Selected Regulations in Terms of Cost Per Life Saved Appendix C. The Growth of Administrative Government Notes Index
