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Full Description
Principles of Genetics is one of the most popular texts in use for the introductory course. It opens a window on the rapidly advancing science of genetics by showing exactly how genetics is done. Throughout, the authors incorporate a human emphasis and highlight the role of geneticists to keep students interested and motivated. The sixth edition has been updated to reflect the latest developments in the field of genetics. Principles of Genetics continues to educate today's students for tomorrow's science by focusing on features that aid in content comprehension and application.
Contents
CHAPTER 1 The Science of Genetics 1An Invitation 2Three Great Milestones in Genetics 2DNA as the Genetic Material 6Genetics and Evolution 10Levels of Genetic Analysis 11Genetics in the World: Applications of Genetics to Human Endeavors 12CHAPTER 2Cellular Reproduction 18Cells and Chromosomes 19Mitosis 24Meiosis 27Life Cycles of Some Model Genetic Organisms 32CHAPTER 3Mendelism: The Basic Principles of Inheritance 40Mendel?s Study of Heredity 41Applications of Mendel?s Principles 46Testing Genetic Hypotheses 48Mendelian Principles in Human Genetics 52CHAPTER 4Extensions of Mendelism 62Allelic Variation and Gene Function 63Gene Action: From Genotype to Phenotype 70Inbreeding: Another Look at Pedigrees 77CHAPTER 5The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelism 89Chromosomes 90The Chromosome Theory of Heredity 92Sex-Linked Genes in Humans 98Sex Chromosomes and Sex 98Determination 100Dosage Compensation of X-Linked Genes 104CHAPTER 6Variation in Chromosome Number and Structure 110Cytological Techniques 111Polyploidy 115Aneuploidy 119Rearrangements of Chromosome Structure 126CHAPTER 7Linkage, Crossing Over, and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes 135Linkage, Recombination, and Crossing Over 136Chromosome Mapping 141Cytogenetic Mapping 148Linkage Analysis in Humans 150Recombination and Evolution 153CHAPTER 8The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 163Viruses and Bacteria in Genetics 164The Genetics of Viruses 165The Genetics of Bacteria 169Mechanisms of Genetic Exchange in Bacteria 172The Evolutionary Significance of Genetic Exchange in Bacteria 186CHAPTER 9DNA and the Molecular Structure of Chromosomes 192Functions of the Genetic Material 193Proof That Genetic Information Is Stored in DNA 193The Structures of DNA and RNA 197Chromosome Structure in Prokaryotes and Viruses 205Chromosome Structure in Eukaryotes 207CHAPTER 10Replication of DNA and Chromosomes 220Basic Features of DNA Replication In Vivo 221DNA Replication in Prokaryotes 231Unique Aspects of Eukaryotic Chromosome Replication 244CHAPTER 11Transcription and RNA Processing 256Transfer of Genetic Information: The Central Dogma 257The Process of Gene Expression 259Transcription in Prokaryotes 263Transcription and RNA Processing in Eukaryotes 267Interrupted Genes in Eukaryotes: Exons and Introns 274Removal of Intron Sequences by RNA Splicing 277CHAPTER 12Translation and the Genetic Code 285Protein Structure 286One Gene?One Colinear Polypeptide 289Protein Synthesis: Translation 293The Genetic Code 306Codon-tRNA Interactions 312CHAPTER 13Mutation, DNA Repair, and Recombination 320Mutation: Source of the Genetic Variability Required for Evolution 321The Molecular Basis of Mutation 321Mutation: Basic Features of the Process 332Mutation: Phenotypic Effects 337Assigning Mutations to Genes by the Complementation Test 342Screening Chemicals for Mutagenicity: The Ames Test 346DNA Repair Mechanisms 348Inherited Human Diseases with Defects in DNA Repair 351DNA Recombination Mechanisms 354CHAPTER 14The Techniques of Molecular Genetics 366Basic Techniques Used to Identify, Amplify, and Clone Genes 367Construction and Screening of DNA Libraries 377The Molecular Analysis of DNA, RNA, and Protein 380The Molecular Analysis of Genes and Chromosomes 386CHAPTER 15Genomics 397Genomics: An Overview 402Correlated Genetic, Cytological, and Physical Maps of Chromosomes 402Map Position-Based Cloning of Genes 407The Human Genome Project 409RNA and Protein Assays of Genome Function 415Comparative Genomics 420CHAPTER 16Applications of Molecular Genetics 439Use of Recombinant DNA Technology to Identify Human Genes and Diagnose Human Diseases 440Molecular Diagnosis of Human Diseases 448Human Gene Therapy 450DNA Profiling 455Production of Eukaryotic Proteins in Bacteria 461Transgenic Plants and Animals 463Reverse Genetics: Dissecting Biological Processes by Inhibiting Gene Expression 467CHAPTER 17Transposable Genetic Elements 477Transposable Elements: An Overview 478Transposable Elements in Bacteria 479Cut-and-Paste Transposons in Eukaryotes 483Retroviruses and Retrotransposons 488Transposable Elements in Humans 494The Genetic and Evolutionary Significance of Transposable Elements 496CHAPTER 18Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes 504Constitutive, Inducible, and Repressible Gene Expression 506Positive and Negative Control of Gene Expression 507Operons: Coordinately Regulated Units of Gene Expression 509The Lactose Operon in E. coli: Induction and Catabolite Repression 511The Tryptophan Operon in E. coli: Repression and Attenuation 519Translational Control of Gene Expression 525Posttranslational Regulatory Mechanisms 526CHAPTER 19Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 531Ways of Regulating Eukaryotic Gene Expression: An Overview 532Induction of Transcriptional Activity by Environmental and Biological Factors 534Molecular Control of Transcription in Eukaryotes 537Posttranscriptional Regulation of Gene Expression by RNA Interference 541Gene Expression and Chromatin Organization 544Activation and Inactivation of Whole Chromosomes 550CHAPTER 20The Genetic Control of Animal Development 558A Genetic Perspective on Development 559Maternal Gene Activity in Development 561Genetic Analysis of Development in Vertebrates 571CHAPTER 21The Genetic Basis of Cancer 581Cancer: A Genetic Disease 582Oncogenes 585Tumor Suppressor Genes 590Genetic Pathways to Cancer 600CHAPTER 22Inheritance of Complex Traits 607Complex Traits 608Statistics of Quantitative Genetics 611Analysis of Quantitative Traits 613Correlations Between Relatives 624Quantitative Genetics of Human Behavioral Traits 628CHAPTER 23Population Genetics 634The Theory of Allele Frequencies 635Natural Selection 641Random Genetic Drift 645Populations in Genetic Equilibrium 647CHAPTER 24Evolutionary Genetics 656The Emergence of Evolutionary Theory 657Genetic Variation in Natural Populations 659Molecular Evolution 662Speciation 672Human Evolution 676AppendicesAppendix A: The Rules of Probability 685Appendix B: Binomial Probabilities 687Appendix C: In Situ Hybridization 689Appendix D: Evidence for an Unstable Messenger RNA 691Appendix E: Evolutionary Rates 693Answers to Odd-Numbered Questions and Problems 697Glossary 720Photo Credits 743Illustration Credits 745Index 746
