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Full Description
Surrealism as a movement has always resisted the efforts of critics to confine it to any static definition-surrealists themselves have always preferred to speak of it in terms of dynamics, dialectics, goals, and struggles. Accordingly, surrealist groups have always encouraged and exemplified the widest diversity-from its start the movement was emphatically opposed to racism and colonialism, and it embraced thinkers from every race and nation. Yet in the vast critical literature on surrealism, all but a few black poets have been invisible. Academic histories and anthologies typically, but very wrongly, persist in conveying surrealism as an all-white movement, like other "artistic schools" of European origin. In glaring contrast, the many publications of the international surrealist movement have regularly featured texts and reproductions of works by comrades from Martinique, Haiti, Cuba, Puerto Rico, South America, the United States, and other lands. Some of these publications are readily available to researchers; others are not, and a few fall outside academia's narrow definition of surrealism.This collection is the first to document the extensive participation of people of African descent in the international surrealist movement over the past seventy-five years. Editors Franklin Rosemont and Robin D. G. Kelley aim to introduce readers to the black, brown, and beige surrealists of the world-to provide sketches of their overlooked lives and deeds as well as their important place in history, especially the history of surrealism.
Contents
* List of Illustrations * Acknowledgments * IntroductionSurrealists * Part 1. The First Black Surrealists * Martinique * Etienne Lero * Legitime Defense Manifesto * Civilization * And the Ramps * Abandon * Put * Simone Yoyotte * Pyjama-Speed * Pierre Yoyotte * Theory of the Fountain * Antifascist Significance of Surrealism * Maurice-Sabas Quitman * Paradise on Earth * Jules Monnerot * On Certain Traits Particular to the Civilized Mentality * Indispensable Poetry * Yva Lero * Little Black Divers * Aime Cesaire * Negreries * Jamaica * Claude McKay * Down to the Roots * Cuba * Juan Brea * My Life Is a Sunday * Thoughts * Juan Brea and Mary Low * Notes on the Economic Causes of Humor * Trinidad * C.L.R. James * Introduction to Red Spanish Notebook * Part 2. Tropiques: Surrealism in the Caribbean * Martinique * Aime Cesaire * Panorama * Introduction to Black American Poetry * In the Guise of a Literary Manifesto * Keeping Poetry Alive * Isidore Ducasse, Comte de Lautreamont * Suzanne Cesaire * Poverty of a Poetry * Aime Cesaire, Suzanne Cesaire et al. * Voice of the Oracle * Rene Menil * Introduction to the Marvelous * The Orientation of Poetry * What Does Africa Mean to Us? * Poetry, Jazz Freedom * Lucie Thesee * Preference * Georges Gratiant * Extinct Volcano * Aristide Maugee * Aime Cesaire, Poet * Review of Reviews * Georgette Anderson * Symbolism, Maeterlinck the Marvelous * Stephane Jean-Alexis * A Note on Chance * Cuba * Wifredo Lam * Picasso * Arrows in Rapid Flight * Agustin Cardenas * One, Two, Three * Jacques Roumain * When the Tom-Tom Beats * Haiti * Clement Magloire-Saint-Aude * Utterances * Talismans * Not the Legend * Three Poems * The Surrealist Record * On Poetry * Rene Belance * Awareness * Noise * Encounter with Life * Herve Telemaque * Why Are You Performing, Jean? * Dominican Republic * Aida Cartagena Portalatin * Moon and Marble * Trinidad * John Jacob Thomas * Creole Proverbs * John La Rose * Connecting Link * Puerto Rico * Luis A. Maisonet * Freedom of Expression for Young Children * Part 3. South America * Brazil * Joao Cruz e Souza * Black Rose * Tenebrous * Rosario Fusco * Wind in the Woods * Sosigenes Costa * The Golden Papyrus * The Red Peacock * Fernando Mendes de Almeida * Phantom Carrousel * Jorge de Lima * Howling Dogs * Guyana * Leon-Gontran Damas * For Sure * Good Breeding * A Caribbean View on Sterling A. Brown * A Single Instant of Belief * Negritude and Surrealism * Wilson Harris * Voodoo, Trance, Poetry and Dance * Colombia * Heriberto Cogollo * The World of a Nohor * Part 4. Africa * Egypt * Long Live Degenerate Art! * Georges Henein * Manifesto * Art and Freedom * Hot Jazz * Between the Eagle's Nest and the Mouse-Trap * Perspectives * Jacques Vache * The Plain Truth * A Tribute to Andre Breton * Ikbal El Alailly * Portrait of the Author as a Young Rabbit * Post-Scriptum * Anwar Kamel * The Propagandists of Reaction and Us * Ramses Younane * What Comes After the Logic of Reason? * Victor Musgrave * Voices in the Twilight * Albert Cossery * The House of Certain Death * Joyce Mansour * Floating Islands * Fresh Cream * Forthwith to S * North Express * Response to an Inquiry on Magic Art * Morocco * Robert Benayoun * No Rhyme for Reason! * The Obscure Protests * Letter to Chicago * The Phoenix of Animation * Too Much Is Too Much * Comic Sounds * Abdellatif Laabi * Rue du Retour * Tunisia * Farid Lariby * Pome Brut * Algeria * Henri Krea * Never Forever Once More * Oh Yes * Jean-Michel Atlan * The Time Has Come to Call Up a World * Baya * The Big Bird * Habib Tengour * Maghrebian Surrealism * Senegal * Cheikh Tidiane Sylla * Surrealism and Black African Art * The Spirit of Unity---For Freedom * Congo * Tchicaya U Tam'si * Against Destiny * Mozambique * Inacio Matsinhe * Painting as a Contribution to Consciousness * I Became a Tortoise to Resist Torture * The Snake * Angola * Malangatana Valente Ngwenya * Survivor among Millions * Amilcar Cabral * National Liberation and Culture * Antonio Domingues * The Influence of Aime Cesaire in Portuguese-speaking Africa * Madagascar * Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo * A Purple Star * South Africa * Dennis Brutus * The Sun on This Rubble * Poet against Apartheid * Part 5. Surrealist Beginnings in the United States, 1930s-1950s * Fenton Johnson * The Phantom Rabbit * Tired * George Herriman * Positivilly Marvillis * Jean Toomer * Essentials * Zora Neale Hurston * How the Gods Behave * Richard Wright * Lawd Today * Ralph Ellison * The Poetry of It * Bearden the Destruction of the Accepted World * Russell Atkins * Upstood Upstaffed * Part 6. The 1950s Surrealist Underground in the United States * Ted Joans * Ted Joans Speaks * Bob Kaufman * Abomunist Manifesto * $$ Abomunus Craxioms $$ * Abomunist Election Manifesto * Tom Postell * Gertrude Stein Rides the Torn Down El to NYC * Harmony * Percy Edward Johnston * Variations on a Theme * Part 7. Surrealism, Black Power, Black Arts * Ted Joans * Proposition for a Black Power Manifesto * Hart Leroy Bibbs * Hurricane * Black Spring * Jayne Cortez * National Security * Making it * St. Clair Drake * Negritude and Pan-Africanism * Edward A. Jones * The Birth of Black Awareness * Ishmael Reed * Boxing on Paper * Katherine Dunham * Ballet Negre * Notes on the Dance * Melvin Edwards * Lynch Fragments * Joseph Jarman * Odawalla * Oliver Pitcher * Jean-Jacques * Frank London Brown * Jazz * Pony Poindexter * Jazz Is More French Than American * Anthony Braxton * Earth Music * Thelonious Monk * Three Score * Cecil Taylor * The Musician * Ornette Coleman * Harmolodic = Highest Instinct * Sun Ra * Cosmic Equation * The Endless Realm * Babs Gonzales * I Paid My Dues * A. B. Spellman * The New Thing in Jazz * Dizzy Gillespie * Gertrude Abercrombie * Part 8. Toward the New Millennium: The Mid-1970s through the 1990s * Aime Cesaire * My Joyful Acceptance of Surrealism * Homage to Frantz Fanon * Jayne Cortez * There It Is * What's Ugly * Poetry Music Technology * Everything Can Be Transformed * Taking the Blues Back Home * Leon Damas * Mainstream Statement * Larry's Time * Amiri Baraka * The Changing Same * James G. Spady * Larry Neal Never Forgot Philly * Charlotte Carter * On Film * Robin D. G. Kelley * Reflections on Malcolm X * Norman Calmese * My Discovery of Surrealism * Cheikh Tidiane Sylla * Time-Traveler's Potlatch * Ted Joans * Kaufman Is a Bird Called Bob * Cogollo * Part 9. Looking Ahead: Surrealism Today and Tomorrow * Aime Cesaire * I Do Not Agree to Receive the Minister * Robin D. G. Kelley * Surrealism * Ayana Karanja * Contemplation * Melvin Edwards * Thinking about Surrealism * T. J. Anderson III * At Last Roundup * Vaudeville 1951 * Michael Stone-Richards * Surrealist Subversion in Everyday Life (with Julien Lenoir) * Ron Allen * Revelation * Conversation between Eye and Mouth * Anthony Joseph * How Surrealism Found Me * Extending Out to Brightness * Patrick Turner * Unrestricted Images * Adrienne Kennedy * People Who Led Me to My Plays * Tyree Guyton * There Is a True Magic Here * Henry Dumas * Will the Circle Be Unbroken? * Deusdedit de Morais * Cafe de Cherbourg * Jayne Cortez * Poetry Coming as Blues and Blues Coming as Poetry * Free Time Friction * Afterword: Surrealism and the Creation of a Desirable Future, by Robin D. G. Kelley * Bibliography * Index
