Full Description
For one-quarter/semester Introductory Sociology courses at 4-year schools.With a straight-forward, one-color presentation, Jonathan Turner offers the most comprehensive and theoretical introduction to sociology. This format allows students to read and focus on what is most important . The extensive table of contents offers choices when considering the material to be covered in a typical course in a modular, yet integrated way. With uncommon depth and breadth of coverage, Sociology covers the most important key concepts and ideas from the world of sociology.
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTSPrologue: Gaining Perspective from a Timeline of Human SocietyPART I: THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATIONChapter 1: The Origins and Nature of SociologyAuguste ComteHarriet MartineauSociology and the EnlightenmentHerbert SpencerEmile DurkheimKarl MarxMax WeberThe Early American TraditionGeorge Herbert MeadThe Chicago School of Sociology and its CompetitorsThe Early Emphasis on Sociological PracticeJane Adams and Hull HouseWilliam E. B. Du BoisThe Study of Sociology TodayChapter 2: The Scientific Method and SociologyThe Nature of ScienceMethods in SociologyExperimentsSurveysObservationsHistoriesDoes Science Take Away Humanism?Scientific Sociology and Social PracticeChapter 3: Theoretical Perspectives in SociologyProblems in Developing Scientific TheoriesTheoretical Orientations in SociologyFunctional TheorizingEvolutionary TheoriesEcological TheoriesConflict TheoriesCritical TheoriesPostmodern TheoriesInteractionist TheoriesUtilitarian TheoriesThe State of Theory in SociologyChapter 4: BiologyNatural Selection as a Driving ForceThe Evolution of PrimatesThe Biological Parameters of Human OrganizationThe Consequences of Visual DominanceThe Consequences of Having a Large BrainThe Consequences of Being Bi-pedalHuman NatureHuman Biological CapacitiesLarge Brains and CultureThe Brain and EmotionsThe Brain and VisionThe Brain and LanguageThe Body and CultureHuman Biology and Behavioral PropensitiesSex and BehaviorHuman SocialityReciprocityAttention to FaceAttention to EmotionsRationalityNature vs. NurtureChapter 5: CultureA World of SymbolsSymbols and SocietySystems of SymbolsLanguageTechnologyValuesBeliefs NormsStocks of KnowledgeCultural VariationsCultural ConflictSubculturesCultural ContradictionsEthnocentrismCulture and MediaChapter 6: Social StructureBasic Building Blocks of Social StructurePositionsRolesStatus-setsRole-setsRole-Strain and Role-ConflictNetworks of PositionsDimensions of StructureTypes of Social StructuresCorporate UnitsEncountersGroupsOrganizationsCommunitiesCategoric StructuresStratification SystemsInstitutional SystemsSocietiesInter-societal SystemsLevels of Social StructureThe Power of Social StructureSummaryKey TermsChapter 7: Social InteractionSymbolic InteractionThe Dramatic Presentation of SelfThe Implicit Use of Folk MethodsInteraction in RolesInteraction with Reference GroupsInteraction and the Social OrderSummaryKey TermsChapter 8: SocializationSocialization and SocietyThe Process of SocializationStages of SocializationSocialization into Early AdulthoodAdult SocializationAgents of SocializationIndividualsGroupsOrganizationsCategoriesCommunityMediaInstitutional SpheresStability and Change in the Social OrderChapter 9: Social ControlThe Problem of OrderForces of DisorderPopulation SizeDifferentiationInequalityMacro Forces of Social Control: Markets and GovernmentMicro-level Forces of Social ControlSocializationSanctioningRitualsSegregation of ActivitiesMeso-level Forces of Social ControlOrganizationsCommunitiesDevianceThe Functional Theory of Structural StrainThe Conflict Perspective on DevianceInteractionist Approaches to DevianceUtilitarian Theories of DevianceSummary Key TermsChapter 10: EncountersFocused EncountersRitualsForms of TalkFramesCategorizationBody LanguageEmotionsRolesSelf and IdentityPropsDemography and EcologyThe Person, Culture, and Social StructureUnfocused EncountersChapter 11: GroupsThe Power of GroupsPrimary and Secondary GroupsThe Effects of Group SizeSize and the Changing Structure of the GroupThe Respective Power of Primary and Secondary GroupsGroup DynamicsLeadershipDecision-makingCohesiveness and SolidarityFree RidingClique and Subgroup FormationExpectation StatesReferencing and Reference GroupsVirtual GroupsBottlenecksChapter 12: OrganizationsMax Weber's Ideal Type of Formal OrganizationsTypes of Formal OrganizationsThe Ecology of OrganizationsThe Internal Dynamics of OrganizationsThe Informal SystemAuthorityAuthority and ConflictTasks and AuthorityControl and AuthorityOrganizational CultureProblems of PersonnelParkinson's LawThe "Peter Principle"RitualismAlienationThe Changing Structure of Formal OrganizationsPressures from TechnologyPressures from GlobalizationHyperrationalityChapter 13: CommunitiesUrbanizationAgriculture and UrbanizationIndustrialization and UrbanizationEarly Studies of City LifeThe Chicago School and Urban EcologyThe Study of Urban LifeSuburbanizationThe Emergence of SuburbsStudies of Suburban LifeEarly Studies of Suburban LifeLater Studies of Suburban LifeExurbiaMetropolitan RegionsNew Urban TrendsResettlement of the Core CityMega and World CitiesChapter 14: Class StratificationStratificationWhat is Class Stratification?Analyzing StratificationKarl Marx on StratificationMax Weber on StratificationThe Functional Theory of StratificationEvolutionary Theories of StratificationClass SystemsPierre Bourdieu's Analysis of "Distinction"The Class System and Public BehaviorClass Stratification in AmericaInequalities of ResourcesClass FormationPoverty in AmericaSummaryKey TermsChapter 15: Ethnic StratificationRace and EthnicityRace as a Social ConstructPrejudice and DiscriminationThe Dynamics of Ethnic StratificationThe Relative Resources of Ethnic PopulationsThe Identifiability of an Ethnic PopulationThe Level and Type of DiscriminationThe Degree of Threat Posed by an Ethnic PopulationPrejudicial Beliefs about an Ethnic PopulationA Model of Ethnic AntagonismEthnic Discrimination in AmericaNative AmericansAfrican AmericansLatinosMexican-AmericansPuerto RicansCuban AmericansAsian AmericansWhite AmericansThe United States as a Multi-ethnic SocietyChapter 16: Gender StratificationSex and GenderExplanations for Gender StratificationSociobiological TheoriesFunctional TheoriesConflict TheoriesInteractionist TheoriesA General Model of Gender StratificationGender Stratification in AmericaThe Cycles of the Gender Stratification SystemThe Feminist MovementPART V: INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMSChapter 17: EconomyBasic Elements of All EconomiesTechnologyLaborCapitalEntrepreneurshipTypes of EconomiesHunting and Gathering EconomiesHorticultural EconomiesAgrarian EconomiesIndustrial EconomiesPost-industrial EconomiesTrends in Post-industrial EconomiesThe Reorganization of ProductionThe Production of ServicesThe Expansion of MarketsHyperdifferentiation HyperrationalityPost-industrial Economies: An OverviewThe American EconomyOligopolyMultinationalization of CorporationsDeclining Union MembershipProfessionalizationGovernment and the EconomyGrowing InequalityIncreasing Risk for WorkersChapter 18: GovernmentThe Emergence of PolityBasic Elements of All PolitiesThe Bases of PowerThe Coercive Base of PowerThe Symbolic Base of PowerThe Administrative Base of PowerThe Material Incentive Base of PowerThe Rise of the StateTrends in Governmental OrganizationThe Growing Scale of GovernmentThe Bureaucratization of GovernmentCentralization of GovernmentThe Importance of LawThe Increasing Reliance on Material IncentivesThe Decline in Coercive RepressionDemocratizationGovernment in AmericaThe Structure of American GovernmentThe Growth in GovernmentGovernment and TaxationProblems and Dilemmas in American GovernanceIs There A Power Elite?Voting and Political PowerLegislative Decision-makingCentralization of PowerAmericans' Ambivalence about GovernmentChapter 19: Kinship and FamilyExplanations of KinshipSociobiological ExplanationsFunctional ExplanationsBasic Elements of KinshipMarriage RulesDescent RulesResidence RulesRules of Family Size and CompositionRules on the Division of LaborRules of AuthorityRules of DissolutionHistorical Trends in the Structure of KinshipFrom Relative EqualityToward Growing Inequality and PatriarchyA Conflict Perspective on FamilyKinship in AmericaThe Basic StructureRomantic Love and MarriageDivorce and Dissolution in American FamiliesSingle-parent HouseholdsFamily ViolenceAn Empty Nest Syndrome? Emerging Alternative FamiliesGay and Lesbian CouplesCohabitationFamilies without ChildrenBeing SingleThe Future of the Family in AmericaChapter 20: ReligionBasic Elements of ReligionThe Sacred and ProfaneBeliefs and ValuesRitualsCult StructuresThe Evolution of ReligionReligion in Simple Hunting-gathering SocietiesThe Elaboration of ReligionThe Trend Toward Simplification of ReligionsA Conflict Perspective on ReligionReligion in AmericaThe History of Religion in AmericaThe Ecology of Religion in AmericaReligious Conflict in AmericaReligiosity in AmericaSocial Characteristic of Religious MembershipsReligion and IncomeReligion and EducationReligion and FamilyReligion and PoliticsRace, Ethnicity, and ReligionChapter 21: EducationThe Emergence of Formal EducationExplaining the Dynamics of EducationA Functionalist ExplanationThe Conflict Theory Corrective to Functional AnalysisA Further Corrective from an Interactionist PerspectiveThe Structure of Educational SystemsEducation in AmericaThe Structure of Lower American EducationMass EducationEducation and DemocracyDecentralizationPrivatizationHome SchoolingYear-Round SchoolingHigher Education in AmericaThe Scale of the SystemThe Diversity of the SystemThe Research MissionStudents in the SystemEnduring Problems and Dilemmas of Lower EducationSchools and StratificationDiscipline and ViolenceSchool FinancesVouchers and School ChoiceDeclining Academic StandardsEnduring Problems in Higher EducationCredentialismFundingTeaching vs. ResearchCorporatizationAffirmative Action, Diversity, and EquityPART VI: SOCIAL CHANGE AND TRANSFORMATIONChapter 22: Social MovementsPreconditions of Social MovementsConditions Leading to the Emergence of a Social MovementConditions Increasing Participation in Social MovementsThe Intensification of DissentSocial Networks and Recruiting MembersJustifying Movement Participation: Beliefs and FramesResources and Social Movement OrganizationsCollective BehaviorTheoretical Approaches to Crowd BehaviorTypes of CrowdsThe Context of Crowd BehaviorSocial Movements and ChangeThe Aftermath of DissentChapter 23: Revolution, War, and TerrorismCollective Violence in SocietiesRevolutionsCivil WarsWarA Brief History of WarfareModern WarfareThe Consequences of Mass ViolenceThe Aftermath of Mass ViolenceThe Effects of War and War PreparednessTerrorismIs Terrorism Increasing?Explaining TerrorismWorld System Dynamics and TerrorismChapter 24: GlobalizationForces of GlobalizationTechnological InnovationsWarfare and the StateMarketsProblems with GlobalizationOutsourcing and the Loss of JobsStalled DevelopmentEnvironmental DegradationWorld InequalityWorld-level MiseryDetermining the Level of World InequalityTrends in InequalityProblems Posed by World InequalityMalthusian ProblemsGeopolitical ProblemsGeoeconomic ProblemsExplaining Global InequalityModernization ApproachesDependency ApproachesWorld Systems ApproachesFactors Favoring or Retarding Economic GrowthChapter 25: Population and EcologyPopulation and DemographyPopulation Size and GrowthThe Demographic TransitionCharacteristics of the PopulationPopulation MovementsEcology and the EnvironmentEcosystem ProcessesEcological DisruptionPopulation, Pollution, and Sociocultural OrganizationGlossaryIndex
