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A close study of the military and political strategies of Edward III and the Black Prince, whose great victories had by 1360 made England the foremost martial nation of Europe.
Contemporaries considered Edward III of England "the wisest and shrewdest warrior in the world", but he has not fared so well in the estimation of modern historians, many of whom have argued that he was a fine tactician but a poorstrategist. This is despite the fact that by 1360 the English had become the foremost martial nation of Europe; that famous victories had been won at Dupplin Moor, Halidon Hill, Crécy, and Poitiers; and David II of Scotland and Jean II of France were Edward's prisoners, and the French, with the Treaty of Brétigny, had agreed to surrender a third of their kingdom to his sovereign rule in exchange for peace.
In War Cruel and Sharp, Professor Rogers offers a powerfully argued and thoroughly researched reassessment of the military and political strategies which Edward III and the Black Prince employed to achieve this astounding result. Using a narrative framework, he makes the case that the Plantagenets' ultimate success came from adapting the strategy which Robert Bruce had used to force the 'Shameful Peace' on England in 1328. Unlike previous historians, he argues that the quest for decisive battle underlay Edward's strategy in every campaign he undertook, though the English also utilized sieges and ferocious devastation of the countryside to advance their war efforts.
CLIFFORD J. ROGERS is Professor of History, United States Military Academy, West Point.
Contents
Introduction; "He Might Come and Amend It" - The Weardale campaign of 1327, Edward III's military apprenticeship; "Oneliche to Conquer [T]ham in Bataile" - the Dupplin Moor campaign, 1332; "To Kindel Yow Care, and Crak Yowre Crowne" - the siege of Berwick and Battle of Halidon Hill, 1333; "Apon Thayme Tyte, for Thai Are Welle Nere Dyscumffyte" - from Scotland to France, 1334-7; "Great Expenses and Little Success in War" - strategy and Edward III's diplomacy in the Low Countries, 1337-1338; "To Shac Him by the Berd" - the Cambrai-Thierache campaign, 1339; "With Sorrow on Ilka Syde" - Flanders and the two kings of France, 1340; "To Bring Our Rightful Challenge to a Quick Conclusion" -the siege of Tournai, 1340; "The Invasion of 1346" -strategic options and historiography; "To Make an End to the War by Battle" - the Crecy "Chevauchee", 1346; "In Pursuit of His Quarrel" - the siege of Calais and the year of miracles in retrospect; "Giving the Frenchmen Sharper Provocation to Fight" - the twin "Chevauchees" of 1355; "To Make 'Chevauchees' and Harm His Enemies" - three campaigns of early 1356; "Eager for Battle Because of the Peace which Usually Comes with it" - the Poitiers campaign, 1356; "Courting Combat to Maintain the Right of Their Lord, But Not Finding Any Takers" - the Reims campaign and peace, 1359-60; appendix - the strength of the army at La Hougue, 1346.
