基本説明
実験を繰り返して後半生に完成型に至る巨匠タイプと新しいアイデアでたちまち革新を引き起こす天才タイプ。創造的な芸術家の二つのタイプを芸術経済学の俊秀がオールジャンル分析。
New in paperback. Hardcover was published in 2005. Shows why such artists as Michelangelo, Rembrandt, Cézanne, Jackson Pollock, Virginia Woolf, Robert Frost, and Alfred Hitchcock were eperimental old masters, and why Vermeer, van Gogh, Picasso, Herman Melville, James Joyce, Sylvia Plath, and Orson Welles were conceptual young geniuses.
Full Description
When in their lives do great artists produce their greatest art? Do they strive for creative perfection throughout decades of painstaking and frustrating experimentation, or do they achieve it confidently and decisively, through meticulous planning that yields masterpieces early in their lives? By examining the careers not only of great painters but also of important sculptors, poets, novelists, and movie directors, "Old Masters and Young Geniuses" offers a profound new understanding of artistic creativity. Using a wide range of evidence, David Galenson demonstrates that there are two fundamentally different approaches to innovation, and that each is associated with a distinct pattern of discovery over a lifetime. Experimental innovators work by trial and error, and arrive at their major contributions gradually, late in life. In contrast, conceptual innovators make sudden breakthroughs by formulating new ideas, usually at an early age.Galenson shows why such artists as Michelangelo, Rembrandt, Cezanne, Jackson Pollock, Virginia Woolf, Robert Frost, and Alfred Hitchcock were experimental old masters, and why Vermeer, van Gogh, Picasso, Herman Melville, James Joyce, Sylvia Plath, and Orson Welles were conceptual young geniuses. He also explains how this changes our understanding of art and its past. Experimental innovators seek, and conceptual innovators find. By illuminating the differences between them, this pioneering book provides vivid new insights into the mysterious processes of human creativity.
Contents
List of Illustrations and Tables ix Preface xi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: Theory 4 Experimental and Conceptual Innovators 4 Archetypes 5 Planning, Working, and Stopping 11 Innovation and Age: Old Masters and Young Geniuses 14 Artists, Scholars, and Art Scholars 15 CHAPTER 2: Measurement 21 Quantifying Artistic Success 21 Prices 21 Textbook Illustrations 25 Examples: Ten Important Modern Painters 27 Retrospective Exhibitions 33 Examples: Ten Important American Painters 35 Museum Collections 40 Museum Exhibition 42 Measuring Careers 44 CHAPTER 3: Extensions 47 The Spectrum of Approaches 47 Can Artists Change? 56 Anomalies 61 CHAPTER 4: Implications 67 Masters and Masterpieces 67 The Impressionists'Challenge to the Salon 71 Masterpieces without Masters 73 Contrasting Careers 80 Conflicts 82 The Globalization of Modern Art 86 CHAPTER 5: Before Modern Art 94 CHAPTER 6: Beyond Painting 111 Sculptors 111 Poets 122 Novelists 134 Movie Directors 149 CHAPTER 7: Perspectives 162 Portraits of the Artist as an Experimental or Conceptual Innovator 162 Portraits of the Artist as a Young or Old Innovator 166 Psychologists on the Life Cycles of Creativity 171 Understanding and Increasing Creativity 177 Seekers and Finders 185 Notes 187 Bibliography 207 Index 223
